Nodular periarteritis( polyarteritis) in children and adults: symptoms, treatment, form, diagnosis

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Nodal perarteriatis as well as Kawasaki syndrome, Wegener's disease, Behcet, refers to vasculitis. Despite the fact that the disease is spread poorly( approximately 1 case per 100 thousand people per year), it has serious consequences. Peritonitis, bleeding and even kidney failure are only a small part of the complications of the disease. Learn about the symptoms of nodal rearteratitis in advance, and be able to protect yourself from the negative consequences of the disease yourself and loved ones.

Features of the disease

Nodular periarteritis is also called polyarteritis. The disease belongs to the vasculitis group, as it affects the walls of the arteries.

It should be noted that in children the nodular periarteritis( polyarteritis) often proceeds in acute forms with a short initial period. But the complications are most often found in adults. Women are 4 times less likely than men, and the incidence rate is 48 years. You will learn more about the classification and forms of nodular periarteritis.

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The following video is devoted to a story about the features of the disease of nodular polyarteritis:

Causes of

The precise cause of the appearance of nodular polyarteritis has not been established for certain. Several factors can be identified that increase the risk of developing the disease:

  • Uncontrolled taking of medications or their intolerance. Most often develops against a background of severe allergic reactions. Approximately 100 drugs have been identified that can cause the development of polyarteritis.
  • Persistence of hepatitis B, as well as viral infections. Approximately 30-40% of patients with polyarteritis suffer incidentally with hepatitis B and 5% with hepatitis C.

There are also studies confirming the association of periarteritis with genetic predisposition.

Node periarteritis( photos)

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Symptoms of

The first symptoms that occur in a polyarteritis are a wavy sudden rise in temperature, weakness and adynamia. The skin thus acquires a painful pale shade, can be covered with a rash of different nature. Also characteristic is the formation of subcutaneous nodes and a reticulum.

The disease also manifests itself:

  • Musculo-articular symptomatology. It occurs in myalgia, weakness, muscle atrophy, migratory arthritis and polyarthralgia.
  • Renal. In more than 90% of patients, the disease is accompanied by vascular nephropathy, consisting of microhematuria, proteinuria, cylindruria.
  • Cardio-vascular insufficiency. Gradually, the patient develops coronaries, which lead to angina pectoris, heart attacks, myocarditis, arrhythmia and hypertension.
  • Pulmonary symptoms. Its main manifestation is in pulmonary vasculitis, dyspnea, thoracology, as well as lung infarctions.
  • Gastrointestinal. It is manifested by diarrhea, nausea, jaundice, ulcers, bleeding and pancreatic necrosis.
  • Optical. It consists in malignant retinopathy, and enlargement of the vessels of the eye fundus of an aneurysmal nature.
  • Disorders of peripheral blood supply in the form of ischemia and gangrene.
  • Defeats the endocrine apparatus, expressed in otitis, epidermis and renal / thyroid dysfunction.
  • Symptomatic of the nervous system. It occurs in polyneuropathy of an asymmetric type. Polyneuropathy manifests itself in muscular atrophy, paresis, trophic disorders.

For more details about the symptoms of periarteritis, the specialist will be told in the following video:

Diagnosis

There is no specific diagnosis of polyarteritis. When collecting anamnesis in a patient and suspected of a disease,

  • is prescribed. Clinical urinalysis for the detection of microhematuria, proteinuria and cylinduria.
  • A clinical blood test to detect the presence of signs of neutrophilic leukocytosis and anemia.
  • Biochemical blood test. The analysis, usually, shows an increase in fibrin, PSA, seromucoid and other elements. Biopsy of the abdominal wall or lower leg. It shows inflammatory infiltration and pathological changes in the walls of blood vessels.
  • UZDG kidney to determine stenosis.
  • X-ray to see the enhancement of the figure of the lungs and its deformation.

The patient can also be prescribed ECG and ultrasound of the heart muscle to detect cardiopathy. So, now that you know how the diagnosis of the disease occurs, and what are the symptoms of the periarteritis nodosa, let's talk about his treatment.

Treatment

Therapeutic treatment continues for several years, is carried out in a complex and continuous monitoring with the attending physicians.

Therapeutic

Therapeutic method is to use extracorporeal hemocorrection, for example:

  1. plasmapheresis;
  2. hemosorption;
  3. cryoferesis;

These procedures help to reduce the symptoms of the disease by removing from the blood autoantibodies, CEC and other elements. Also therapeutic methods consist in observance of a healthy way of life. It is advisable to adhere to a diet low in animal fats.

Medicated

The basis of drug treatment is glucocorticosteroid therapy. The main drug used is Prednisolone. During interruptions between therapy, the patient may be prescribed pyrazolone drugs and aspirin.

If the disease is complicated by hypertension and nephrotic syndrome, the patient is prescribed cytostatics. If the disease is accompanied by an ICE syndrome, the following is prescribed:

  1. heparin;
  2. trental;
  3. quarantine;

Together with the above-mentioned therapies, anti-inflammatory drugs and vitamins can be used.

Prevention of disease

There is no specific prophylaxis against the primary form of the disease. The main preventive measures apply to patients who have already undergone exacerbation of the disease, and are:

  1. permanent monitoring of the patient's health;
  2. reasonable and regulated intake of medicines;
  3. timely treatment of infectious diseases;
  4. relief of chronic infections;
  5. reception of multivitamins;

To prevent complications, it is recommended that the patient adhere to a healthy lifestyle and follow a diet with a high content of fiber and vitamins.

Complications of

In most cases, nodular periarteritis leads to a complication such as renal failure. This can occur even with proper treatment, however, the latter several times increases the chances of no complications. Also the disease can be complicated:

  1. hemoptysis;
  2. by interstitial pneumonia;
  3. with vasculitis;
  4. with pneumosclerosis;
  5. angina;
  6. with small-focal infarctions;
  7. cardiosclerosis;
  8. with circulatory failure;
  9. with malignant hypertension;
  10. by gastrointestinal bleeding;
  11. by peritonitis;

The disease also affects the central and peripheral nervous systems, which can cause meningitis, encephalitis, neuritis, and cerebral hemorrhage.

Nodular periarteritis at the foot

Forecast

The prognosis for nodular periarteritis can be called favorable if diagnosed and treated at the proper time. Even under these conditions, the five-year mortality rate reaches 60%.Without treatment, it tends to 87%.

Predictability of work capacity is impossible due to possible complications that have a steady course. The most frequent cause of death is renal failure, extensive lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, heart muscle and central nervous system.

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