Many see alcohol as a remedy designed to eliminate stress, any fear, anxiety or fatigue. This approach is totally unacceptable, because alcohol will never solve the problems that have arisen and will not help get out of some delicate situation. In addition, alcohol can provoke a lot of problems, for example, pathological intoxication.
Pathological intoxication of
In a similar state, significant changes occur in the patient's consciousness, due to the loss of his connection with reality. Such a state can cause a person to commit an inoffensive or ridiculous act. But it is possible that a person can commit a serious crime in this state.
In general, pathological alcohol intoxication is a condition that arises from the intake of alcohol. Such a form of intoxication is characterized by twilight turbidity, accompanied by a delusional, distorted perception of what is happening, combined with an affective state of rage or fear, anger or anxiety, a violent motor activity, aggression towards others.
This state begins unexpectedly, ends mostly with sleep. Most often after awakening, the patient does not remember anything, or has a vague idea of what is happening the day before.
You can not consider the pathological form of intoxication as another severe form of alcohol abuse, because such a state is a psychiatric disorder triggered by the ingestion of alcohol.
Causes of
The condition of pathological intoxication does not necessarily arise from the abuse of alcoholic beverages. Such a reaction can form even after a small amount of alcohol.
According to psychiatrists and narcologists, the basis of pathological intoxication is usually such factors:
- Excessive psychoemotional fatigue, severe stress;
- Traumatic injury of craniocerebral character;
- Depletion of a mental or physical character;
- Chronic lack of sleep;
- Nervous system pathologies of infectious origin;
- Panic attacks, increased anxiety, a state of fear.
Certainly, the trigger mechanism of pathological intoxication is the reception of alcohol, but in itself it does not refer to varieties or stages of the traditional intoxication state. This is an independent phenomenon, provoked by a number of pathogenetic factors, mentioned above. An interesting fact is that in a normal, sober state, residual manifestations of brain lesions are usually absent.
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Forms
Specialists identify several specific forms and types of pathological intoxication:
- Paranoid - for this form are typical manifestations of delirium, loss of reality. In such a state, the patient begins to be bothered by uncaused fear and unconscious aggression, which cause them to commit rash acts. The patient is quite capable of performing some complicated manipulations and contacting other people;
- Epileptoid - when a drunk person first closes, goes into himself, but soon his condition changes dramatically to arousing unmotivated rage, and on others such patients begin to react with aimless aggression. The patient can suddenly engage in fights with imaginary opponents, his movements are sharp, automatic, rude;
- Alcoholic catatonia - this form is more often used by forensic psychiatrists. It denotes a peculiar jam of the patient on a certain psycho-emotional experience or action. Usually such patients mutter something, repeat some phrases, gestures, while ignoring others.
Symptoms and signs
Usually the condition of pathological intoxication begins to appear suddenly. The patient can suddenly turn pale, he has symptoms of conversational and motor hyperactivity. Against the background of this clinical picture, the symptoms of intoxication are reduced. In other words, the patient becomes practically sober, but he has no control over his actions and responsibilities.
The face of such a patient often expresses a feeling of confusion, fright or anxiety. The patient can perform some purposeful, logical actions, but his consciousness is in a dull state. Acting with such a person together is absolutely impossible, although he is capable of dialogue.
As to the duration of pathological intoxication, this state lasts for a relatively short period of time and passes also unexpectedly, as it does. At the end of such a phenomenon, the patient usually sinks into a deep sleep, after which amnestic symptoms are often observed. Sometimes patients vaguely recall what happened to them, but they are unable to fully restore their actions.
Diagnosis
Modern medical experts know a lot of specific conditions, almost identical to pathological intoxication, but they are distinguished by one feature - they are not separate pathological forms, but simply belong to the types of traditional alcoholic intoxication. A distinctive feature of this condition is a small dose of alcohol consumed, an unexpected change in the behavioral manner, an increase in emotional-speech and motor activity, although the patient's movements are coordinated.
The motor overexcitation at a pathological intoxication differs the raised intensity, sharpness and cruelty. The condition of pathological intoxication must be differentially diagnosed from complex intoxication in chronic alcoholics.
Treatment and predictions of
When due to differential diagnosis is confirmed the presence of a pathological form of intoxication, the patient must be immediately hospitalized, because in such a state it poses a considerable threat to others. Therefore, if you suspect a similar condition, you need to call an ambulance with a narcologist. The specialist will be able to correctly determine the condition and take the necessary measures.
Usually the patient is given a drug whose effect is directed to the hypnotic effect and the prevention of psychosis( Promazin).After the patient wakes up, he is given a full course of detoxification through infusion of necessary medications. Intravenously inject fructose, which promotes an accelerated onset of sobering and the withdrawal of ethanol from the bloodstream. Often, Vitamin B₆, Levozan, Benadon and other preparations are added to the infusion solution.
Nootropics( Nootropil), drugs that stimulate blood supply and have hepatoprotective properties( Essentiale, etc.), vitamins are also needed.
Treatment of pathological intoxication should be carried out in the conditions of a clinic of the appropriate direction, i.e., narcological dispensaries. The therapeutic program has a special duration and includes psychotherapeutic and medicamental effects. In general, the prognosis of treatment is positive, but the patient will need to abandon alcoholic beverages forever.
Prevention
The only effective measure of prevention in pathological intoxication is the complete exclusion of any type of alcohol. Only the refusal of alcohol will help to avoid unpredictable consequences of such a condition, save from the risk of harming anyone from others and relieve the unbearable shame that is observed the day after the deed.