Lesions of mucous membranes may occur in everyone. But there are also such pathologies, which are of a purely masculine nature. For example, Keira's erythroplasia.
What is Erythroplasia Keira?
In fact, specialists in the field of Keira's erythroplasia call the cancer head lesion at the in situ stage( i.e., cancer in situ).In other words, this is a pre-invasive stage of cancer education, which can later develop into an invasive one.
The most common pathology occurs in elderly uncircumcised men. It is in many respects similar to Bowen's disease, although it also has specific differences that make it possible to treat it as a separate pathological form.
Photo of erythroplasia Keira
In medical practice, there are statistics according to which the malignancy of the tumor process in squamous cell carcinoma is observed in a third of cases of Keira's erythroplasia. When malignancy, the predictions are usually unfavorable, because in 20% metastasis takes place.
Causes of pathology
Factors that cause erythroplasia of the penis head a lot:
- Prolonged or occasional traumatization of the penis;
- Viral infectious lesions like herpes or papillomavirus;
- Pathological processes on the genitals like inflammation( chronic balanoposthitis) or phimosis( narrowing of the flesh with restriction of its mobility);
- Neglect of personal or sexual hygiene, etc.
The latter factor is associated with the accumulation in the bag formed by the foreskin, the smuggling and the development of bacterial microorganisms.
Symptoms of erythroplasia Keira
It is impossible to notice the development of the tumor process on the head of the penis, although Keira's erythroplasia is characterized by a rather slow progression.
- The clinical picture of the pathology is characterized by the appearance on the head of a little edematous single focus, which has an oval shape and an uneven sharply outlined contour.
- Immediately in the hearth there is soreness and the appearance of an infiltrate, which is not soldered to the skin and can be easily removed.
- The surface of the lesion acquires a bright red with a brown tint, and looks like it becomes shiny, shiny, velvety and damp.
- With the development of the tumor process, infiltration becomes more intense, erosions may appear, which are characterized by bleeding.
- If an infection of a secondary nature is attached to Keira's erythroplasia, purulent exudate appears, and the lesion is covered with a purulent coating.
With the development of the pathological process, the infiltrate is more prominent, the surface of the hearth is covered with scab and, at the slightest contact, begins to bleed.
If erosive lesions appear, this often indicates a progression of the invasion.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis is confirmed on the basis of characteristic features and histological examination of the bio sample.
An additional confirmation of Keira's erythroplasia is the test, in which a special indicator dye is used, when applied to the lesion, the color changes to a blue hue. Such a change of color is characteristic only of Keira's erythroplasia.
The disease needs differentiation with pathologies such as hard chancre, balonitis Zoon, candidiasis balanoposthitis and ulcerative leukoplakia, and also flat red lichen.
In this invaluable help is the histological analysis of the material obtained from the lesion focus. Only histology can give a complete picture of the changes in the tissues peculiar to oncoprocesses.
Treatment and prevention
The approach to the treatment of erythroplasia Keira is complex and involves the use of chemotherapeutic agents and preparations for local effects.
In the histological examination of the biopsy, the degree of progression of the pathology is determined, on the basis of which an individual therapeutic plan is developed. The use of topical therapy is based on the use of fluorouracil or fluorofuric ointment, cryotherapy.
The effect of liquid nitrogen is carried out by a course in 4 procedures, between which must pass at least 3 days.
If the pathological process began to degenerate into a malignant oncology, then the use of chemotherapy is indicated.
- Practice shows that the drug with antitumor activity of Bleomycin, which is administered intravenously or intramuscularly, has the maximum efficiency.
- If the drug gets on the skin, it causes necrosis of the tissues, so the administration of Bloomycin should be performed only by a qualified specialist.
- Injections are put once every two days.
- At the end of the course, if it is necessary to repeat it, make a two-month break, after which they are re-treated with Bleomycin.
This therapy has specific side effects, which are manifested in hyperpigmentation, temporary hair loss and nausea. Quite often, it is recommended that patients undergo a procedure for removing the foreskin. Such an operation will stop the tumor process and can even activate its reverse development.
The removal of the foreskin minimizes the likelihood of recurrence and reduces the likelihood of the development of collateral infectious and bacterial processes.
With regard to the prevention of erythroplasia, Keira, it consists in the timely detection of pathology and its adequate elimination.
- In fact, erythroplasia of the head of the penis does not pose a threat to the health and life of a man, but only on condition that the risk of malignancy is reduced to nothing. And this is possible only with timely therapy.
- As an additional prevention it is recommended to strictly observe the hygiene of intimate places and exclude the accumulation of smegma under the flesh.
- Of great importance in prevention is the timely elimination of the phimosis processes on the penis.
Erythroplasia Keira is a precancerous pathology, so if you have even minor symptoms of its occurrence, you should contact the appropriate specialist.