In the diagnosis of gastric pathologies gastrobiopsy, due to the highest information content, has a huge diagnostic value.
The procedure is carried out in various ways, but all of them involve obtaining a bio-sample from the gastric mucosa for further study by histological and cytological analysis.
Indications
The need for studying a gastric biopsy occurs in the following cases:
- If other diagnostic studies( MRI, ultrasound, etc.) have not clarified the pathology picture and have not shown accurate results;
- With chronic or acute type of gastritis to clarify the stage of the pathological process, assess the risk of degeneration in peptic ulcer disease, determine the extent of damage to the stomach tissues;
- In case of ulcerative or neoplastic process to determine the nature of the tumor( polyp it or cancerous formation);
- To clarify the etiology of gastritis, the detection of Helicobacter pylori on the mucous tissues of the stomach, because it is this bacterium that often causes the development of inflammatory gastric processes;
- If there is a peptic ulcer to determine the extent of the pathology, because the ulcer is a precancerous condition that requires treatment. If the peptic ulcer is started, then it manifests like cancer. Precisely determining the pathology will be helped by the study of the tissue sample;
- In the presence of lesions of the gastric mucosa, the physician examines the tissues during the biopsy and removes the polyposis formations;
- After surgery or removal of the polyp in order to assess the rate of recovery of the gastric walls, as well as for the timely prevention of complications.
Contraindications
Prevent gastric biopsy of a condition like:
- Cardiovascular pathologies;
- Shock states when the patient is unable to control himself and remain stationary during the procedure;
- For acute pathologies of infectious origin;
- Diathesis of hemorrhagic type;
- Gastric perforations, which are characterized by a violation of the integrity of the walls of the organ;
- In inflammatory lesions of the upper respiratory tract, larynx and pharynx;
- Oesophageal narrowing;
- With a general severe condition of the patient;
- With mental disorders;
- With gastric burns by chemicals.
Species
The preparation of a biopsy specimen can be carried out by an endoscopic( sighting) method, by probing and by an open pathway.
- Sighting biopsy is a classic fibrogastroscopy. Through the endoscope there are tongs with a microchamber, so the doctor monitors his actions on the monitor screen. The pliers gently tear off the bio-sample.
- Probing , a blind or search gastrobiopsia is performed using a special biopsy probe blindly without video monitoring.
- The open biopsy of is performed during the surgical intervention on the stomach.
The most common and often used method of investigation is endoscopic gastrobiopsy.
Preparation of
The study is conducted in a polyclinic or hospital. The patient undergoes a preliminary examination for contraindications.
First, the patient is given an x-ray of the stomach area. If the patient is strongly vzvinchen, nervous and worried, he is given a sedative.
How is a stomach biopsy taken?
The procedure for obtaining a biopsy is quite simple and fast.
- The patient is placed on the couch, placing it on the left side.
- The larynx, throat and upper part of the esophagus are treated with local anesthetic.
- Then the patient is given a special device in his mouth - a mouthpiece, through which an endoscope will be inserted, equipped with special tweezers to separate the tissue sample.
- The tube of the gastroscope is injected into the throat and asked to do a few swallowing movements to push the device into the stomach. Usually this point does not cause difficulties, since the tube of the device is very thin.
- The image of what is happening before the hysteroscope is displayed on a special monitor. Gastro biopsy is performed by an endoscopist. He takes the material from the desired area of the stomach and pulls the hysteroscope back.
Sometimes a biopsy sampling takes place in several stages, for example, when tissue samples need to be obtained from several gastric parts. Patients usually do not experience pain during the procedure.
This procedure lasts no more than a quarter of an hour, does not cause any difficulties and very rarely can cause undesirable consequences.
The test results are usually ready for 3-5 days after the procedure, but sometimes you need to wait and more.
Decoding of the results of a biopsy of the stomach
Gastro biopsy is the best procedure for confirming or excluding cancer.
If doubts about the nature of the tumor still exist or the results are incomplete because of insufficient biomaterial, a repeated gastrobiopsy may be necessary.
Possible complications of
Experts confirm that the risk of developing any complications after gastro biopsy is almost zero.
Sometimes, bleeding may occur, therefore, for their prevention after gastrobiopsy, the patient is given drugs of hemostatic or coagulant action, which improve blood circulation and exclude internal bleeding.
If there were minor bleeding, then for a couple of days the patient will have to spend in bed, first starving, and then observing a sparing diet.
In rare cases, complications such as:
- are likely; Infectious infection;
- Damage to the integrity of the stomach or esophagus;
- If in the process of obtaining a bio-sample the vessel was damaged, then there may be a bleeding that passes by itself;
- Aspiration pneumonia. The reason for this complication is vomiting, which appeared in the course of the procedure, in which vomitic masses partially fell into the lung structures. A similar complication is treated with antibiotic therapy.
But this is extremely rare, usually after a gastric biopsy, patients feel fine and do not notice in a state of some limb deterioration.
If after the procedure the state of health worsens steadily, temperature increases, and the patient suffers from blood vomiting, then it is necessary to visit the doctor without delay.
Care after the procedure
After the study, it takes a few more hours to refrain from food, and in the early days it is necessary to refrain from consuming hot, salty and excessively sharp meals.
Minor mucosal lesions during the preparation of the biopsy specimen are not capable of causing complications, therefore, for their healing, there are enough nutritional restrictions.
The instrumentation used in the procedure is so miniature that it can not affect the muscle tissue, so there is no pain during and after the study.
You should not drink alcohol at least 24 hours after a gastro biopsy.
Reviews
Irina:
I managed to somehow survive such a most unpleasant procedure, like endoscopy of the stomach with biopsy. I was warned that on the eve of the event after 6 pm, drinking and eating is absolutely impossible, otherwise in the process of diagnosis can snatch, which is fraught with the development of complications. When an endoscope is introduced - a pleasant little one, drooling like a bulldog, constantly belching. Scary. Something unpleasant moves in the stomach, but there is no pain. The procedure takes about 5 minutes. So you can wait. But the results of the analysis turn out to be accurate and detailed.
Victor:
I have been suffering from a sore since my youth, so I was enough for doctors. The appointed treatment with time has ceased to bring effect, was constantly excruciated by pains, and the doctor could not understand the reasons of a similar status, therefore have appointed or nominated gastrobiopsy. The procedure is unpleasant, but painless. You swallow the gastroscopy and wait until the doctor brings it to the desired area of the stomach and pinches off some tissue. The procedure took 10 minutes, no more. And the results were received only after 2 weeks.
Price for analysis
The average cost of an endoscopic gastric biopsy is about 800-3240 rubles.
The procedure is available in many clinics and medical centers, but it is best to contact institutions that have positive patient reviews and qualified staff.