Prednisolone is a synthetic agent - an analogue of the hormones cortisone and hydrocortisone, which are secreted by the adrenal cortex. Prednisolone with colitis when ingested has a 4-5 times greater activity, compared with cortisone and hydrocortisone. Unlike these substances, the drug will not cause significant delays in the release of sodium and water, but can only slightly increase the release of potassium.
The anti-inflammatory abilities of this drug in colitis are caused by the involvement of the cytosolic glucocorticosteroid receptor. The hormonal-receptor complex, upon penetration into the cell nucleus, begins to strengthen the genetic expression that codes for the synthesis of lipocortins that inhibit the phospholipase and can reduce the product synthesis of arachidonic acid metabolism.
Antiproliferative effect of prednisolone in colitis is associated with the fact that the synthesis of nucleic acid in the cells of the epidermis layer and dermal fibroblasts is inhibited. Antiallergic properties in colitis are due to the fact that the number of basophils decreases due to direct inhibition of the synthesis and secretion of the biologically active substance.
Prednisolone is prescribed in colitis, as it can have a pronounced anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antiexudative, anti-shock and antitoxic effect.
When ingested Prednisolone has a feature that is well absorbed from the digestive tract. Biotransformation is due to oxidation in the liver: the resulting form is glucuronized or sulfated. Excretion occurs with urine and feces in the form of a metabolite in a partially modified form. Can penetrate through the placental barriers, and in a small amount will be found in breast milk.
The dose of prednisolone is established in a strictly individual order. In acute colitis, 20-30 mg per day is used as an introductory dose. The maintenance dosage is 5-10 mg per day. Treatment will occur over a large amount of time, with a gradual decrease in dose. The pediatric dose is approximately 1-2 mg per kg of body weight daily in 4-6 doses. If prenisolone is given in colitis, then the daily rhythm of secretion is taken into account. So, in the morning, the largest doses are usually administered, and in the evening - small ones.