One of the dermatomycosis is rubromycosis, which is more often manifested in the area of inguinal-femoral folds, brushes, feet. If the pathology affects the nail plates, their thickening occurs, the fragility increases, subungual hyperkeratosis arises. A dermatologist-mycologist can diagnose this fungal disease.
Features of the disease
The causative agent of mycotic dermis is Trichophyton rubrum. The essential enzymatic activity of this fungus provokes infection of the dermis of the feet, large folds. In rare cases, a lesion of gun, long hair was noted.
The fungus has 3 varieties:
- Fluffy.
- Gypsum.
- Velvet.
The most aggressive specialists consider the gypsum form of the pathogen, it more often infects the dermis of the foot. Of all the foot diseases that are fungal in nature, the rubromycoses are 60 - 80%.
Rubromycosis( photo)
Classification of rubrofitia
Dermatologists have created a classification, based on the localization of the infection. In practice, it is accepted to distinguish 3 forms of pathology:
- stop;
- brushes;
- generalized.
On the types of rubrofitia( rubromycosis) the video will be described below:
Causes of
- People get infected with fungus through contacts with the sick, and also through some things from everyday use( general).
- Inoculation( the introduction of living microorganisms) is facilitated by the use of different medications( cytostatics, antibacterial, hormones).
- Dispersal by spores occurs when there is a violation of the tone of the vessels, malfunctions in the circulation in the lower extremities. Experts have not yet established the exact period of incubation of the fungus. If there was a person's contact with the spores of this fungus, he may not get sick, but simply remain his carrier for a long period. Having transferred this pathology, a person does not develop immunity to this kind of fungus.
- It is noted that a significant role in the occurrence of rubromycosis is given to the imbalance that arises between the immune status and secondary suppression( complete suppression of physical activity), a violation of the tone of the vessels of the legs.
Symptoms of
Feet of
When the incubation period of the fungus ends, there is a lesion of interdigital folds( all).After infection of these areas, the dermis is infected on the sole. On the development of infection indicate such external symptoms:
- pattern on the dermis acquires clarity;
- dermis becomes dry;
- can be seen mucoid exfoliation;
- diffuse hyperemia.
Without proper therapy, the infection penetrates the rear, side of the foot, fingers. The universality of development of pathology in children is the presence of exudation, which complicates the diagnosis of the disease. If chronization of rubromycosis has occurred, the infected nails remain, other areas of the dermis.
Brushes
Infection on the hands is considered a consequence of self-infection, only in exceptional cases this pathology acts as a primary disease. Clinic rubromycosis of the hands is similar to the signs of the pathology of the feet. On the periphery of the diseased area of the dermis there is a discontinuous cushion, it can pass to the palm( the back part).
Dermatologists most often determine the nail fibroids in the presence of other diseases of the dermis in the patient. A characteristic feature of pathology is the simultaneous infection of all nails. White, yellowish stripes appear inside the nail, on its edges.
If the hypertrophic form of the disease develops, there is a thickening of the nail plate, its fragility, crumbling, the formation of yellow strips. If the form of the disease is atrophic, the nail is thinning, its destruction, the remains of the nail plate are visible only near the bead. In some cases, the nail plate is peeled off from its bed.
Rubrophy of smooth skin in humans( photo)
Generalization
Generalized rubromycosis. The pathology is generalized for the following reasons:
- trophic changes in the dermis;
- use of medicines( antibiotics, cytostatics, hormones);
- internal disease;
- disorders in the nervous, endocrine system.
Important:
- With erythematous-squamous form of the disease, an intolerable itch appears. Observation of peeling, hyperpigmentation, intermittent swelling is edematic.
- In follicular-nodular form, a deep lesion of the dermis on the feet, hands, legs, forearms, buttocks was noted. Patient areas can merge, grow along the periphery.
Body
With rubromycosis of the body, there is a lesion of interannual folds, a dermis from below the mammary glands. If people are overweight, all folds will be affected. The lesions have such external signs:
- infiltration;
- peeling going from center to edge;
- intermittent scalloped roller;
- redness;
- papules, crusts on the platen.
Diagnostics
Thanks to a careful examination, the expert will be able to accurately diagnose. To confirm the diagnosis, you may need:
- cytology;
- seeding;
- culture examination.
In addition to these diagnostic methods, a diffodiagnosis with certain diseases will also be required:
- microbial eczema;
- psoriasis;
- red flat lichen( nail plates);
- favus;
- pyoderma of the nails;
- Eczema;
- is lupus erythematosus;
- trichophytosis;
- skin tuberculosis.
Treatment of rubromycosis( rubrophytic) of the groin, nails, smooth skin, face, feet is described below.
Treatment of
The direction of therapy depends on which symptoms are most pronounced in the disease under consideration. It is necessary not only to treat external manifestations of the fungus, but also to normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract, to heal systemic diseases.
Therapeutic way
For the treatment of wetness, edema, locally used cooling, soothing gels, lotions. For maximum quality cleaning of the nail surface use:
- branche;
- soap and soda bath.
After cleansing the nail from the horny masses, after having removed the thickened skin, they switch to treating the dermis by means of mycotic agents. Doctors advise to use ointments with terbinafine, oxyconazole. The general course of therapy is to take the same drugs, but in the form of tablets( ingestion).Treatment can be delayed for 1 - 6 months.
The pathology of nails can be treated with the use of special antifungal plasters, varnishes. Very serious cases do not do without surgery, which involves removing the nail plate.
Rubromycosis of the smooth dermis begins with the use of antifungal ointments, drugs prescribed inside. Experts advise at the same time to adhere to the diet. It consists in the use of foods rich in vitamins A, E( they are needed for the speedy regeneration of the dermis), the predominance of protein foods.
Medication-based
If a patient has an allergy to fungal spores that he inhales, the doctor will prescribe the desensitizing drugs to reduce the production of histamine:
- Fexofenadine.
- "Loratadin".
After removal of the inflammation, the specialist can prescribe keratolytic drugs. They should contribute to the detachment of the thickened epidermis. This is necessary to ensure that antifungal ointments are effective.
To destroy fungal spores, you must perform the following actions:
- change of linen( bed, bed).It must be done daily;
- washing clothes with the addition of soda;
- double ironing.
Prevention of disease
To prevent re-infection, it is necessary to perform the above actions aimed at eliminating the spores. It is necessary to regularly inspect workers of such establishments:
- saunas;
- sports complexes;
- baths;
- swimming pools.
When visiting the above institutions, you should undergo dermatologist's examination. To avoid the spread of fibromycosis within the family, you need to have individual bath accessories, linen.
Complications of
In fungal pathology, there are complications, they are contained in:
- cosmetic defects;
- lesions the nail plate, which does not disappear very long.
Forecast
If the treatment was started in a timely manner, the patient followed all the instructions of a specialist, the prognosis will be favorable.
More information about rubrophytic( rubblymic) can be found in the video below: