Diphtheritic colitis is seen in all parts of the intestine, but here in the colon it appears more often. Diphtheric colitis was given such a name due to the main reason for its appearance. Of course, this is dysentery. They can also cause poisoning, for example, with mercury or arsenic, but this is not so common. Diphtheric colitis always has an acute and severe course of the inflammatory process of the colon mucosa.
In gastroenterology in diphtheritic colitis there are such 2 concepts as exudation and alteration. It is they that affect this or that form of development of such a disease. As usual, the inflammation at the initial stage captures the upper region of the mucosa. With gangrenous and necrotic form, the inflammatory process goes to the very depth of the intestine, which can subsequently lead to serious complications, for example, perforation.
Microscopic studies of diphtheritic colitis yield data such as: epithelium and crypts that are located on the surface of the intestinal wall, are subjected to coagulative necrosis and, as a result, are transformed into a granular mass that does not have a structure as such and is mixed with the precipitated fibrin.
Only at the initial stage of diphtheritic colitis it is possible to determine the fibrinous mesh with greater accuracy. Later, after the cells completely disintegrated, and the fibrin underwent a change, it can not be detected and distinguished from the necrotic masses.
Thus, it can be determined that, the stronger the course of the inflammatory process, the deeper the necrosis of the intestinal wall penetrates. Fibrin in this case is almost impossible to detect, sometimes specialists have to use special colors. In such cases, it is possible to detect fibrin in the lumens of the mucosa, where the vessels are located. But also it will not survive there too long. A network of folded fibrin will be observed until the necrosis completely covers all the vascular walls.
In another case, a distinct leukocyte outflow was observed in diphtheria colitis. Their accumulation is observed in large quantities between the remains of crypts of the mucosa, after which they furiously deepen into the necrotic masses. Nevertheless, after penetrating into the necrotic masses, they have the opportunity to blur the line of necrotic areas. Because of all that is happening, there are appearances. All the fault is the enzymatic processes. It is because of them that parts of the necrotic tissue are softened in places and torn away, forming similar expressions.