The function of the small and large intestine is one of the most important in the work of the human body. At present, medicine treats bowel diseases as a factor that affects the entire body condition.
How well it functions, and in what relation to pathogenic microbes is a healthy microflora, the work of many other organs depends. One of the most frequent diseases of the intestine is erosive changes in the mucosa, leading to such dangerous complications as cancer or ulcers.
Causes of
Intestinal erosion may be due to several factors simultaneously, but the most common of the reasons are:
- heredity;
- intestinal dysbiosis;
- helminthic invasion;
- allergy;
- inadequate medication;
- intestinal infections;
- improper power supply;
- disorders of the nervous system;
- diseases of other organs of the digestive tract.
Symptoms of small and large bowel erosion
Depending on the part of the intestine that has undergone erosion, characteristic symptoms will appear, as changes in the mucosa directly affect the function of a department.
Everything that a person eats, digested in the small intestine - this is the main "pan" of our body, where there is a splitting of proteins, fats and carbohydrates and their absorption into the blood. Due to peristalsis, the food lump advances further to the large intestine, where digestion is finally completed.
Accordingly, damage to the mucous layer of the small intestine will lead to an inadequate body nutrients and a violation of the stool.
The large intestine is the end part of the gastrointestinal tract, which is 1.5 meters long. It performs the function of absorbing water and forming a stool from the food lump. One of the important functions of the large intestine is immunomodelling.
Due to the necessary microflora, the large intestine produces such substances that further protect the body from microbes. Therefore, erosion of the colon affects the quality of the stool and the general condition of the body.
Symptoms of erosion:
| Small intestine | Large intestine |
|---|---|
| - anemia; - weight loss; - bloating; - hypovitaminosis; - loss of appetite; - frequent constipation or diarrhea, may be with an admixture of blood; - abdominal pain; - presence in the stool of poorly digested food residues. | - frequent diarrhea 7-10 times a day; - stool with a trace of blood; - rumbling; - abdominal pain; - soreness in defecation( with erosive lesions of the rectum); - weakness; - a frequent pulse; - sometimes high fever and joint pain. |
In the absence of treatment, the acute stage of the disease is replaced by a chronic one, the symptoms appear periodically but less pronounced.
Diagnosis
Based on the patient's symptoms, the physician assigns a series of studies to identify pathological changes in a specific bowel section:
- Fibrogastroduodenoscopy for examination of the duodenum.
- Irrigoscopy( X-ray method) of the intestine using a contrasting special substance.
- Colonoscopy - examination of the colon with an endoscope.
- Recto-manoscopy for the examination of part of the sigmoid and rectum.
Laboratory tests of blood, urine and feces are also prescribed for the further administration of therapy of concomitant conditions( anemia, fever, etc.).
Than to treat a disease?
Treatment of intestinal erosion is aimed at the removal of the inflammatory process, restoration of digestive function and rehabilitation of the body as a whole. Therefore, appoint a cumulative treatment that includes a diet, medication and, in some cases, special procedures in the form of enemas.
Diet
As a rule, with diseases of the intestines, the doctor who prescribes diet № 4, which has its own rules and features.
Daily norm:
- of carbohydrates - 200-400 g;
- proteins - 100-120 g;
- fats - up to 100 g;
- salt - 10 g.
Table of foods prescribed by the diet:
| Ration | Recommended | Forbidden |
|---|---|---|
| Bakery products | 200 g of wheat flour cakes made of the highest quality flour. | Fresh, rye bread, wheat flour, flour, baking, pastry from puff pastry. |
| Soups | On a slack, meat nonfat broth with cereals, mashed meat or meatballs. | Dairy, with vegetables, pasta, millet, fatty, strong. |
| Poultry and meat | Not sinewy, low-fat varieties in steamed meatballs, meat balls, kneads. | Fatty grades, meat pieces, sausages, sausages. |
| Fish | Fresh, steamed or watered, low-fat. | Salted, fatty, caviar, canned fish. |
| Dairy products | Curd freshly made calcified or freshly ground. | Milk whole and other dairy products and sour-milk. |
| Eggs | Up to 2 per day, steamed or boiled steamed. | Raw, hard boiled, fried. |
Refrain also from undiluted fruit juices, carbonated beverages, sweets and confectionery.
Folk remedies
Folk treatment of intestinal erosions, along with medicines, often contributes to the speedy recovery of the patient.
One of the effective tools used for this is the flax seed. It is brewed with boiling water - 1 tbsp.spoon of flax on a glass, and boil for 5 minutes. The resulting infusion should be taken twice a day for half a cup.
Also used are decoctions of a variety of herbs with the addition of honey:
- St. John's wort;
- chamomile;
- yarrow;
- sage.
A good healing and anti-inflammatory property is possessed by sea buckthorn oil. Today it does not even need to be prepared for itself, since modern pharmacology produces oil in capsules, which are taken by 1 pc.three times a day.
Warning! The use of any means of folk treatment requires the obligatory consultation of the attending physician.
Preparations
For the treatment of erosion of the intestine, depending on the cause, the doctor has the following groups of drugs:
- Antibiotics( fluoroquinols, penicillins, macrolides).
- Antacids( Maalox, Rutatsid, Gastal).
- Immunosuppressants( Cyclosporine, Azathioprine).
- Antimicrobial agents( Enteroseptol, Furazolidone).
- Proton pump blockers( Omez, Nexium, Omeprazole).
- Antidiarrhoeal drugs( Loperamide, Imodium).
- Enzymes( Creon, Penzinorm).
Antihistamines, pain medications and other medications may also be prescribed, depending on the concomitant symptoms.
Complications of
Since erosion is considered a precancerous condition, it is very important to consult a doctor in time to avoid passing the disease to a chronic stage.
In addition to the threat of tumors, erosion can contribute to the development of diseases such as:
- Crohn's Syndrome;
- ischemic colitis;
- peptic ulcer and other pathologies.
Prevention
Prevention of bowel pathology is reduced, first of all, to a lifestyle correction, which includes:
- proper nutrition;
- rejection of bad habits;
- compliance with personal hygiene standards.
Unfortunately, today, with a furious pace of life and an eternal lack of time, an annual preventive examination is more like an exception to the general rules than the norm. But many diseases could be avoided, whether such a measure is mandatory.
Therefore, you do not need to wait for the symptoms of the disease, but it is better to take a day off at work and undergo a preventive examination at the nearest clinic.