Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic skin disease manifested by its focal reddening and peeling. They suffer from 2-5% of the total population. Men are sick more often than women.
This dermatitis affects skin areas rich in sebaceous glands, most often: the central area of the face and the scalp. In this article, we will look at the methods of treatment, the causes, and also the photos of this ailment.
Causes of seborrheic dermatitis
Why does seborrheic dermatitis occur, and what is it? A significant role in the pathogenesis of this disease is played by the fungus Pityrosporum ovale( the same one that causes the appearance of dandruff).This yeast-like fungus is a normal representative of skin microflora in most people.
The human body can control the growth of fungi. However, because of the weakening of immune defenses, frequent stressful situations, endocrine disruptions, nervous diseases, this natural capacity is lost. Yeast-like fungi begin to grow and multiply.
There are a number of reasons why can cause seborrheic dermatitis:
- decreased immunity;
- hormonal failures;
- permanent stressful situations;
- predisposition to this disease due to the inheritance.
With a decrease in overall immunity, the protective functions of the body also decrease, which promotes the multiplication of various opportunistic infections. Seborrheic dermatitis can also occur in the case of artificial suppression of immunity. How to treat this ailment, we will consider just below.
Classification of
Depending on the symptomatology of , several species of seborrhea are distinguished.
- Dry appearance of seborrhea appears in adolescents, with the skin cracking and dries out.
- When a fat type begins to be allocated a large amount of iron, so the hair constantly looks unwashed, most often this type occurs in young girls.
- Mixed when the head is seborrhea dry type, and in other areas fatty.
Depending on the underlying cause of , seborrheic dermatitis can be of two kinds.
- Congenital - due to the original feature of the structure of the sebaceous glands, which is determined at the level of genes and heredity.
- Acquired - is the result of any internal processes in the body, as a result of which the produced sebum changes its composition or quantity.
To know how to effectively cure dermatitis, you need to determine its nature.
Seborrheic dermatitis on the face
Seborrheic dermatitis on the face becomes more common. It is easy to identify, because on the face a flock of flakes is formed, with a strong sensation of itching. When the case is particularly serious - the skin deteriorates not only on the face, but also on the areas behind the ears.
If the time does not begin to fight the disease, then the peeling can intensify, the surfaces of the scales become greasy, they thicken, turn yellow, this is a warning about re-infection.
When treating this type of seborrheic dermatitis, external corticosteroids are used. You need to consult a doctor, try to avoid the atrophy of the skin.
Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp
What causes dermatitis on the head? Dermatologists consider it an inflammatory disease of the epidermis. Treatment of it should be based on antifungal therapy, because the disease causes opportunistic fungi Pityrosporum Ovale, which are present on the skin in all healthy people.
They usually do not show themselves in any way, but at the appearance of favorable conditions for them, they begin to multiply actively. These microorganisms live in sebum, therefore seborrheic dermatitis develops only on those parts of the skin where there are sebaceous glands.
The following ointments and creams can be used to treat advanced seborrhea: Hydrocortisone Butyrate, Dexamethasone, Afloderm, Triderm, Skin-Cap, Silkaren.
Symptoms of
Symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis occur gradually. The first signal of the onset of the disease can be redness and itching of the skin.
As a rule, this initially arises in the face, ear and skin folds. Flakes from skin peeling will have a yellowish, white or grayish hue. All these signs can be accompanied by hair loss. The defeat of the skin is gradual, the disease progresses slowly, so it is not always possible to recognize it immediately.
When the process is localized on the head, the symptoms are manifested by small, scaly, itchy spots that sometimes have a bright pink color and white horny scales of about two millimeters in diameter. The reason for the active appearance of dandruff may be the lack of timely medical treatment.
In case of manifestation of the disease on the face it manifests itself in the form of white or yellow scales on typical local zones, which have a lot of sebaceous glands:
- nose;
- brow and eyebrows;
- the wings of the nose;
- the middle part of the forehead;
- whiskers zone;
- auricles.
Affected areas may itch and be accompanied by a burning sensation, the skin becomes sensitive and painful, acne and comedones are possible.
It is known that to date there are no drugs that normalize the work of the sebaceous glands, so the problem of treating seborrheic dermatitis should be aimed at correcting the manifestations of individual symptoms.
Manifestations in children
Seborrheic dermatitis in children is diagnosed up to 6 months and by the time of complete or partial cessation of breastfeeding, its symptoms gradually fade.
In adulthood, the onset of seborrheic dermatitis is not related to its appearance in infancy. The main cause of seborrheic dermatitis in infants is the increased content of hormones in the mother's milk.
Seborrheic dermatitis: photo
How does this ailment on the face, as well as the scalp, look like on the presented photos.
Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis
When you have been diagnosed with seborrheic dermatitis, treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach and a long period of time. Therapy is carried out both locally with the help of shampoos and ointments, and internally with the help of injections and tablets.
For seborrheic dermatitis, certain drugs may be prescribed for treatment:
- antihistaminic and hyposensitizing;
- antifungal;
- glucocorticoid;
- keratolytic agents( preparations of zinc, salicylic acid);
- antibacterial medicines.
So, for example, when the process is localized on the scalp, first of all, a specific antifungal treatment is preferred. In this case, shampoos containing such antifungal components as ketoconazole or cyclopyrox, as well as zinc pyrithione and tar
are used. Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis on the face is carried out with sparing means. The most suitable remedy is cleansing lotion. When skin disease occurs on the face, inflammation should first be reduced. Antifungal creams( for example, lamizil) and zinc blondes( cindol) are good in this. These drugs should be used 2 times a day.
Reviews on how to treat seborrheic dermatitis are very diverse. Treatment is so individual that it is useless to listen to them. Each patient will have specific causes, symptoms and, accordingly, treatment.
Ointments
For external use, certain ointments are used:
- Hydrocortisone butyrate 0.1 percent;
- Dexamethasone 0.05 percent;
- Alclomethasone;
- Triderm;
- Skin-cap;
- Silkarene;
- Lotion Belosalik;
- Emulsion Advantan;
- Salicylic Ointment.
Shampoos
With the localization of dermatitis on the head, treatment involves the use of special shampoos, these are the basic:
- Friederm;
- Cebosol;
- Skin-cap;
- Bioderma Node;
- Keto plus;
- Sulsen.
Diet
Proper nutrition with seborrheic dermatitis is the key to recovery. Recommended in the diet to systematically introduce boiled meat, vegetables, sour-milk products, fruits, as well as foods enriched with vitamins A, B, C, zinc and selenium.
The diet for seborrheic dermatitis excludes chocolate, honey, sweets, sugar, sweets, jam, spicy and spicy food. If the patient is worried about constipation, then laxatives are prescribed.
Once recommended for use anthelmintic drug - levamisole, which has an immunological effect. Diet for seborrheic dermatitis should be low-calorie and exclude drinks that enhance the secretion of sebum.