Knee joint dislocation: symptoms, causes, treatment

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The dislocation of the knee joint is a deformation that results in the knee joints being displaced. Such a trauma is infrequent due to the strong protection provided by the dense ligaments to the knee joint. However, it is very serious and requires a responsible approach to treatment. Therefore it is important to know what to do to treat a knee injury.

As a rule, acute dislocation of the kneejoint arises in connection with the following factors:

• exercise can cause stretching of ligaments, resulting in injury;
• Accident - during an accident on the road, it is possible to apply a strong direct impact on the knee, which leads to dislocation;
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• falling from a height leads to damage to the ligaments, resulting in injury;
• congenital pathology, due to which even a slight mechanical effect on the knee joint leads to dislocation.

Congenital dislocation of the patella occurs rarely, and often - in girls. It is treated by fixing the knee with a tire or gypsum. In complicated cases, an operation is performed, but it is allowed only for children over three years old.

Attention! If you ignore such a problem in the child, then in the future, he will lose the ability to walk independently.

Also uncommon in medical practice habitual dislocation of the patella. It develops with regular knee injuries, so it often occurs in athletes. Multiple dislocation of the patella leads to arthrosis of the joint, the treatment of which requires surgery.

Sometimes a slight dislocation of the knee joint is restored without medical intervention. However, even in this case, it is recommended that the specialist see the doctor so that the doctor is convinced of the absence of complications.

Important! Knee joint dislocation occurs on the International Classification of Diseases( IBC10) list under number S83.1, which indicates its high severity.

Symptoms of knee joint dislocation

Knee injury is considered one of the hardest, and also the most painful. This is due not only to abnormal bone displacement, but also to possible damage to the nerves and vessels in the lower region of the joint.

The knee dislocation can be determined by the following features:

• severe pain in the injured area;
• deformed form of the knee joint;
• decrease or loss of sensitivity in the affected area;
• an increase in the knee in size, as a result of the formation of swelling on the knee with swelling;
• decreased mobility of the joint;
• damaged leg seems shorter than healthy.

If the victim complains of some of the listed symptoms, then the knee dislocation is most likely the result of the injury.

Important! To fully convince in the injury qualification, you should check the pulse slightly below the posterior region of the knee. If it can not be probed, then the presumptive diagnosis is correct.

In some cases, during the displacement of bones in the knee joint, the vessels are clamped, as a result of which the lower part of the foot completely loses sensitivity and becomes cold.

First aid for knee injury

During the first aid should not be asked how to fix the knee joint by yourself. These actions can be followed by serious consequences, for the treatment of which surgical intervention is already required.

First of all, you need to call for medical help or go to the emergency room yourself. Before this, it is necessary to completely immobilize the injured leg with a tire or other means. Also, to reduce pain, ice should be applied. These actions are sufficient to provide first aid in the case of a knee joint dislocation before going to a medical facility.

Treatment of knee injury

In a hospital setting, a patient with knee dislocation is primarily punctured. The doctor gradually removes the liquid accumulated in the knee with a syringe. The procedure can be carried out with the help of painkillers.

The next stage of the victim is assisted by a qualified specialist - traumatologist. The doctor directs the damaged joint and fixes its position using plaster or other means to fix the limb.

If necessary, the patient is diagnosed, which involves the following procedures:

• X-ray of the knee joint;
• verification of the integrity of the arteries;
• ultrasound diagnostics;
• check pulse and blood circulation;
• neurological examination.

Based on the results of the examination, the doctor selects the appropriate treatment. In severe cases, there is a need for surgical intervention. The operation is prescribed if during the dislocation the tendons and ligaments were severely damaged or completely ruptured.

It's important to know! Refusal of surgical care can lead to the development of gangrene, as well as lead to loss of limb mobility.

Rehabilitation

After five days after repositioning the knee joint, physiotherapeutic treatment should begin. It involves following the following recommendations:

• regularly visit a doctor;
• engage in physiotherapy, under the supervision of a specialist;
• perform exercises from the course of therapeutic gymnastics;
• make an appointment for a therapeutic massage;
• add to your diet more foods containing calcium;
• take vitamins.

Often there is a problem of absence of traumatologist in local polyclinics. And regular trips to the hospital can only bring harm. In this case, it is important to know which doctor treats the dislocation of the knee joint in addition to the required specialist. As a rule, any surgeon has the necessary knowledge in traumatology and accepts patients with similar problems.

LFK exercises are mandatory in the treatment of the knee joint. Performing exercises to perform gradually, moving from simple to more complex. The main thing is to develop the leg and return the muscle to the muscles of the limb.

Rehabilitation is carried out within 3-4 months. A week after receiving the injury, the patient is advised to start walking under the supervision of a doctor. For this, crutches are used so that the leg is in a fixed position.

Important! Even after discharge, do not immediately try to walk yourself. It is necessary to use crutches for at least a month.

And after a significant improvement, do not make heavy loads on the damaged joint. This can only worsen the situation and lead to a repeated fracture, as well as cause a dislocation of the knee joint meniscus. It is recommended to follow the doctor's instructions faithfully and only gradually knead the leg: first walking, then register for swimming in the pool or engage in exercise bike.

Treatment in the home of the knee joint can also be performed with the help of ointments. In the first week, it is recommended to use anti-inflammatory drugs( Navtalgin, Ketonal, Ben-Gay).To reduce painful sensations and cool the joint, camphor and menthol ointment are applied to it. Prevent the appearance of blood clots can be done with Doloben and Lyoton 1000.

Traditional medicine for the treatment of knee dislocation

In addition to following a mandatory course of rehabilitation, you can use some recipes of alternative medicine. For the treatment of dislocation of the knee joint the following folk remedies will help:

1. Compress with milk. In warmed milk we dip gauze and apply it to the damaged place. Porridge from onion. In a gruel from one grated onion add 10 tsp. Sahara. The resulting compress is applied to the knee and removed only after 6 hours. Garlic compress.3 heads of garlic grate and add 100-150 ml of apple cider vinegar. The received infusion to sustain within 5-6 days, and then to use for rubbing in the damaged knee.
2. Compress from a cabbage or a noodle leaf. Raw materials are slightly crushed in the hands, and then applied to the damaged area. It is desirable then to wrap a warm scarf or scarf over the sheet.
3. Bandage with wormwood. The crushed leaves of the plant are placed on the knee and covered with a bandage. Composite compress. Stir 3 tbsp.l.pharmacy herbs in a saucepan with 400 ml of boiling water, and then boiled in a water bath. After 20 minutes, the infusion is cooled and filtered. In it, the bandage is soaked and applied to the knee.

These recipes help both treat dislocation and reduce swelling and relieve pain in the knee.

Warning! It is strictly forbidden to treat the injury only with the help of traditional medicine methods in order to avoid serious consequences.

Thus, the dislocation of the patella requires responsible treatment, due to which the joint will return to its previous state. To do this, it is necessary to strictly follow the doctor's recommendations, not to strain the injured leg and limit physical exertion for the coming months in order to avoid a repeated dislocation.