Fibrinous( dry) pericarditis: symptoms, causes, treatment, description

click fraud protection

In the normal state, the pericardium contains some fluid similar to plasma. This fluid is needed to facilitate the gliding of the pericardial sheets during the contraction and contraction of the heart. When a person suffers from dry pericarditis, the fluid disappears, which interferes with the work of the heart and causes severe pain. If dry pericarditis is not treated, it can go into exudative or constrictive forms, which, in turn, often lead to death. To avoid this, learn about the symptoms and causes of fibrous pericarditis in advance.

Features of the disease

It is noteworthy that according to the statistical data of the patanatomy, fibrinous pericarditis most often affects adolescents and children, especially boys. The main cause of childhood pericarditis is rheumatism.

Unlike adults, the symptomatology of the disease is more pronounced in children. Children complain of a severe malaise, their temperature rises, the pain becomes acute.

The following video will show you what a fibrinous pericarditis is:

Species and Forms

The etiological classification distributes pericarditis into types:

• Infectious:
  • rheumatic caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus;
  • bacterial;
  • tubercular;
  • protozoal, caused by microorganisms from protozoa;
  • fungus;
  • viral;

• Aseptic when inflammation with infection is not associated:
  • allergic;
  • on the background of blood diseases, for example, hemophilia, thrombocytopenia and others;
  • on the background of connective tissue diseases;
  • against a background of cancers;
  • is traumatic;
  • radiation, caused by radioactive radiation;
  • postinfarction;
  • against the backdrop of long medication, especially hormonal;
  • against a background of hypovitaminosis;
• Idiopathic, arising from an unknown cause.

According to the clinical classification, dry fibrinous pericarditis belongs to acute forms.

Macromedication of the heart with fibrinous pericardial

Causes of fibrinous( dry) pericarditis

Fibrous pericarditis most often manifests itself in the background of other diseases and pathologies like:

• Infectious diseases. This includes diseases of any nature: bacterial, fungal, viral, tuberculosis, rheumatism and others.
• Allergies and autoimmune processes.
• Traumatisation of the chest due to bumps, penetrating wounds from gunshot or other weapons, like.
• Systemic blood diseases, connective tissue.
• Malignant tumors.
• Myocardial infarction.
• Disruption of the exchange of goods.

On what symptoms has dry pericarditis, read on.

Symptoms of

Fibrous pericarditis begins with a general malaise: fatigue, poor appetite, excessive sweating, a feeling of chills, dizziness.

With the development of the disease there is a persistent retrosternal pain, giving back to the neck, shoulders, back, depending on the localization of inflammation. Its appearance is due to the fact that:

1. nerve receptors located in the heart bag are irritated;
2. in the inflammation involved nerve trunks and pleura;

Certain character does not have: it can be as aching, or cutting, scratching. Intensity can also be different: from weak to infarct-like. When swallowing, coughing, pressing on the chest pain increases.

Also a symptom of dry pericarditis can serve as:

1. hiccough;
2. dry cough;
3. nausea;
4. vomiting;
5. dysphagia;
6. arrhythmia;
7. arterial hypotension;

Individual symptoms may also appear depending on the cause of dry pericarditis.

Diagnosis

Dry pericarditis is established on the basis of hardware studies. In order to correctly assign a checkup, the doctor collects anamnesis of complaints, family and life, and also examines the patient's skin, conducts auscultation of the heart( listening).Based on this, the patient is prescribed:

• General and biochemical analyzes of urine. Detect inflammation, a violation in the exchange of things that could cause a pericarditis.
• Immunological examination to identify antibodies and protein markers of the autoimmune process, if any.
• ECG for the detection of signs of pericardial inflammation.
• ultrasound of the heart muscle. It shows the area of ​​fluid accumulation, cicatricial bridges, as well as violations of contraction / relaxation of the heart muscle.
• Chest X-ray. Helps determine the increase and the current size of the heart.

If the diagnosis after the survey is doubtful, the patient may be assigned invasive studies, such as catarrhiza or angiography.

Treatment of

Treatment of fibrinous dry pericarditis is carried out in a comprehensive manner, although the bulk of it is allocated to drug therapy. Usually, treatment is performed in a hospital until the patient's condition is stabilized.

Therapeutic method

Therapeutic methods are aimed at restoring the body.

Patient is prescribed a diet and light physical exercises, taking vitamins, drugs to improve metabolism and immunomodulators, which improve the body's immune abilities. At the same time with drug therapy, blood purification procedures can be prescribed.

Medication

The main drug therapy is the intake of NSAIDs, glucocorticosteroids, as well as:

• Narcotic analgesics if the patient complains of severe pain.
• Antibacterial drugs if the disease is of a bacterial nature.
• Acetylsalicylic acid if pericarditis was formed against a background of myocardial infarction.

Operation

If the disease does not respond to drug treatment or pericarditis has reached such a state that abdominal cicatricial ligaments are actively forming between the pericardial sheets, the patient is assigned an operative treatment.

The most effective is pericardectomy. In this operation, the patient is exposed to the thorax and pericardium, followed by drainage.

Prevention of disease and recommendations

Because pericarditis manifests itself against the background of other diseases, there is no specific prophylaxis against it. General recommendations are reduced to:

• Timely treatment of infectious diseases.
• Coping with chronic diseases.
• Protection of the chest from injuries.

At the first sign of pericarditis, it is necessary to urgently consult a doctor. This directly affects the effectiveness of treatment.

Complications of

With timely access to a doctor, dry pericarditis does not cause complications. In the opposite case, the disease can be complicated:

• "Pancirnoe heart"( 15%).The phenomenon when calcium begins to be deposited in the affected area of ​​the pericardium, which complicates the work of the heart.
• Heart failure( 15%).It is dangerous because the heart can not normally perform its work, because of which blood supply in all organs is disturbed.

In the absence of treatment, dry pericarditis can pass into a constrictive( 10%), then the pericardium will become inflamed, and in its cavity cicatrical jumper will form, which will squeeze the heart, and into the exudative form with a cardiac tamponade( 15%).

Forecast

Forecast with dry pericarditis is favorable: in more than 80% of cases the condition is restored in 2 weeks. Sometimes a person may lose their ability to work for 2 or more months, but it recovers after a cure. Approximately in 15% of cases the disease recurs within 6 months.

So, now you know the description of the macro preparation and micro preparation of fibrinous pericarditis, but we hope that this knowledge will never be useful to you.