Capillariasis is a helminth disease that has a rather high mortality rate if the necessary treatment has not been taken in time. The causative agent of invasion can be three kinds of capillaries. Depending on where the parasite settles, the hepatic, pulmonary and intestinal form of the disease is secreted. That is why the invasion can have different symptoms, methods of diagnosis and treatment.
The causative agent of hepatic capillarial disease is geohelminths( pictured).Their eggs are in the soil. Infection occurs through eating unwashed vegetables and fruits, dangerous for a person unboiled water. Eggs and larvae ripen only in the body of the intermediate host. These can be meadow rodents, small breeds of wild dogs, certain subspecies of monkeys. Worms settle in the liver of such animals, this phenomenon often provokes cirrhosis. If the infected rodent is eaten by a large predator, invasive capillary eggs through the mouth and stomach will enter the intestine, and then come out together with the calves. Within a month, they are dangerous to humans. Inside his body, they get into the oral route, along with dirty hands and unwashed food. Eggs capillaria hepatica migrate and settle in the liver. It is there that the larvae become sexually mature and actively parasitize.
Symptoms of capillarosis of the described species are obvious. The following reactions may occur in the patient:
- Eye proteins turn yellow.
- Skin also acquires a yellow shade, becomes excessively dry.
- Dryness is acquired by the mucous membranes of the nose and eyes.
- A strong rotten smell appears from the mouth.
- Urination occurs with great difficulty.
- In the area of the liver( in the upper part of the right side) appears dull pain.
- In some patients, the condition worsens by sudden temperature changes.
Detection of two or three symptoms, indicated in the lists - an occasion to consult a doctor.
Intestinal capillaryiosis
Intestinal capillarial disease, unlike pulmonary, is not transmitted from person to person. Infection also requires an intermediate host. As it act fish, living in freshwater reservoirs. Capillaria philippinensis is able to parasitize birds, but only those species that feed on freshwater fish. A person becomes infected after eating an infected fish or a bird that has not undergone the necessary heat treatment. Larvae of the capillaries, entering the intestine, do not migrate, remain in the hollow organ. Immediately they grow up to the sexually mature age. Females lay eggs, they go out naturally. They can become invasive if a freshwater source is reached. If such eggs swallow the fish, the circle will close.
Symptoms of capillarosis of this species are similar to manifestations of any disease of the gastrointestinal tract. The patient notes the pain in his stomach. It has a sharp character, the degree of manifestation of pain is similar to tingling. From time to time the pain passes, but then again resumes. Another disturbing symptom is diarrhea, stool disorders can occur against a background of high fever. In aggregate, such manifestations are an alarming sign for each of us. The patient loses fluid in large amounts, along with salts, electrolytes, and this is the direct path to deterioration. If these symptoms appear, you should immediately seek help from any doctor. He will be able to assess the situation and redirect, if necessary, to the right specialist.
Pulmonary capillaryiosis
Pulmonary capillarial disease( photo clearly demonstrates the presence of nematodes in the lungs) is able to be transmitted from person to person by contact. Infection occurs at a kiss with the patient, in close contact with the infected animal. Capillaries, which cause pulmonary capillarial disease, like to settle in the bronchi of field mice, monkeys, meadow dogs. They enter either outside with feces, or with coughing or severe vomiting.
Symptoms of pulmonary form of helminthiasis are as follows:
- Chest pain, shortness of breath.
- Strong dry cough.
- Shortness of breath when walking.
- Symptoms of asthma.
- Increased fever.
- Pain in the lungs.
In order to prescribe an effective treatment, the doctor carefully collects an anamnesis, will in detail record all the symptoms that the patient complains of. To confirm the diagnosis, a specialist will recommend a biopsy of the affected organ( it will allow to detect the presence of capillaries), to pass a blood test, stool and sputum. Capillariosis is dangerous for human life, the capillary of hepatitis often provokes cancer. That is why it is impossible to ignore the appearance of the described states.