Any disease that a person faces is capable of progressing. Hemorrhoids is no exception. This disease progresses quite rapidly. Soon the patient will have hemorrhoids 4 stages.
Many patients do not go to the hospital for a very long time, believing that the disease will pass without the intervention of doctors. Every day, the patient's condition worsens, and the following symptoms appear:
- Severe bleeding. This is because with venereal hemorrhoids, the venous formations are injured. A thin vessel wall can be damaged by feces, sphincter muscles or other external influences;
- Displacement or prolapse of cavernous sacs. The situation worsens if the jamming of the nodes occurs. At stages 3 and 4, the blood does not enter the nodes, so that they begin to die. Most often, necrosis or infection appears later;
- At the last stage of the disease, severe thrombosis develops. The anal opening is swollen, and the patient experiences acute pain syndrome. Externally, the nodes resemble balls of crimson color.
After the onset of symptoms of stage 4 hemorrhoids, urgent measures must be taken. Unfortunately, the neglected form of the disease can not be cured with usual tablets, for this reason, doctors should be consulted without delay.
Preparation for operation with hemorrhoids 4 stages
Before proceeding to treatment of hemorrhoids of 4 degree, it is necessary to undergo examination. The patient must be handed in:
- Blood;
- Fluorography;
- To make a cardiogram;
- Fecal masses;
- ultrasound.
In some cases, a colonoscopy may be required. Most often, such a diagnosis is assigned when suspected of cracks.
When the test results are ready, the patient should visit the therapist and anesthesiologist. This is necessary in order for experts to approve the elimination of hemorrhoids in stage 4.Also, doctors will select anesthetics based on the individuality of the patient's body.
Before the hemorrhoid operation of stage 4 is performed, the patient must follow a diet. Nutrition is prohibited 12 hours before surgery. During the day you can eat only light foods.
The operation for removal of the disease of the 4th stage lasts at least 40 minutes. In order not to have problems, it is necessary to clean the bowels immediately with an enema.
Also before the application of modern methods of treatment of the disease of 3 and 4 stages, the patient should visit the shower. After this, with the help of orderlies, you need to get rid of the hair in the working area of the surgeon.
Removal of hemorrhoids at the last stage of
It should be noted that treatment of stage 4 hemorrhoids without surgical intervention is impossible. Of course, one can turn to minimally invasive techniques, but there is no chance that the disease will not return in time.
Patients can use the following methods:
- Latex rings;
- Sclerotherapy;
- Photocoagulation with infrared rays;
- Desarterization;
- Cryodestruction.
If the hemorrhoids of stage 4 are cured without the intervention of surgeons, the patient needs some time to take the medications prescribed by the treating specialist. To prevent the disease from reappearing, surgical intervention is necessary.
Treatment of hemorrhoids 3 and 4 stages is carried out with hemorrhoidectomy. When deleting nodes, you can choose one of the existing methods:
- Open;
- Closed.
With open elimination of hemorrhoids of grade 3-4, after removal of cavernous formations, the edges of the wound are not sutured. That's why they will heal for a long time. Much bleeding can also occur.
As for the closed method, after the removal of hemorrhoids of the fourth degree, the formed wounds are sutured. Thanks to this, the rehabilitation period will be faster. The disadvantage of the procedure is the duration of the operation, abundant blood loss and acute pain during the rehabilitation period.
Sometimes there are cases when an operation to eliminate cavernous formations of the 4th degree is prohibited. Contraindication to surgery includes:
- Crohn's disease;
- AIDS;
- Cancer;
- Pregnancy;
- Kid's feeding period;
- Diseases affecting the change in blood condition.
After the elimination of hemorrhoids of the fourth degree, the patient needs to be restored, it can be done at home. Do not forget that all actions are coordinated with the doctor, otherwise serious consequences may appear.
Postoperative period of hemorrhoids of the fourth stage
After elimination of the nodes, the patient has acute pain. If this situation occurs, you can use painkillers.
The patient may experience severe discomfort due to the exposed drainage. Similar symptoms, which appeared after the treatment of hemorrhoids of the last stage, interfere with the process of defecation. This can last more than two days. The patient is recommended not to eat heavy food for 2-3 days.
Do not forget about your health and at home. During the day, the patient should drink more than 2 liters of fluid. You should also eat only soft food. If the patient is afraid of emptying the intestine, it is necessary to take advantage of:
- enema;
- with laxatives;
- Anesthetics.
After the elimination of hemorrhoids of the fourth stage, it is best to play sports for 30 days. Heavy workouts can affect the appearance of bleeding.
It is also important to keep track of what is used for lunch and dinner. It is necessary to exclude from the menu products that irritate the large intestine and provoke the appearance of constipation. In this case, the power must be 5 times. It is best if the servings are small.
Sometimes, after treatment of the last degree of ailment, serious complications appear. If this does happen, it's best to go to the hospital right away. The same applies to the re-occurrence of hemorrhoids.