Colitis of the sigmoid colon( sigmoiditis) can act as an independent process or as a consequence of other diseases. Sigmoid colon provides a natural process of digestion, and one of its main functions is the absorption of nutrients from the liquid that enters the body during food intake. Proper functioning of it supports normal functioning of internal organs and promotes the growth of tissues. If its activity is violated, the work of the entire intestine is disrupted, and this provokes the appearance of colitis. It must be treated immediately, since neglect of sigmoid colitis can lead to quite serious complications. In no case should you delay the treatment of this disease! It is necessary to immediately contact the gastroenterologist or surgeon if the first signs appear.
It should be noted that the structure of the digestive system, as well as the thick and small intestines, play an important role in the state of human health. The sigmoid colon is the main component of the whole digestive system. If the work of this department is balanced and correct, it positively affects the health of a person, because the body receives the necessary recharge of useful substances from food.
Causes of sigmoid colitis
The inflammation of this division is quite frequent in the human body. Over time, it is able to develop into colitis, and it occurs as a result of a violation of the synchrony of the processes that occur in the digestive system. Sigmoid colon is responsible for absorption of water from food, which is digested in the digestive tract and participates in the formation of feces. In the curved form of this department, the stool masses move along it, which contributes to the formation of colitis.
The main cause of sigmoiditis is an anatomical feature of the structure of the intestine. If there are more bends, then the percentage of inflammation and stagnation stagnation increases. Sigmoid colon undergoes significant changes due to the fact that there is a lack of blood circulation in the large intestine. The disease leads to serious consequences and can significantly worsen the work of the digestive system without timely medical intervention.
It should be borne in mind that colitis of the penultimate portion of the large intestine may be caused by additional causes:
- stressful situations and physical exertion;
- violation of diet;
- hypothermia of the body;
- trauma and the presence of acute infectious diseases.
Symptoms of colitis of the sigmoid colon
This disease has a huge number of symptoms, but it all depends on the form of the disease: acute or chronic. The first form of the disease of this department is characterized by the manifestation:
- of severe pain syndrome in the left ileal region;
- pains of a spasmodic nature, which are given in the lower back and the left leg;
- bloating;
- liquid stool with an extremely unpleasant odor, the presence of bloody and purulent discharge;
- presence of nausea and vomiting, not resulting in relief;
- febrile state, accompanied by intoxication of the body. These symptoms are characteristic of the acute form of sigmoid colitis.
Chronic form of inflammation of this department often occurs with dysbiosis and is characterized by the appearance of constipation and diarrhea. With colitis of the sigmoid colon proceeding in a chronic form, there are constant pains in the abdomen, which appear when the bowel is emptied. These symptoms characterize the chronic form of the disease, people have insomnia, irritability and fatigue.
When there is an exacerbation of colitis of the sigmoid colon, the symptoms can have a pronounced character, as well as a number of reasons that cause this reaction.
Treatment of sigmoid colitis
Curing inflammation is often difficult. This is a time-consuming process that requires a lot of time, as well as strict adherence to a certain regime. The treatment of sigmoid colitis of the lower part of the large intestine includes:
- reception of antibacterial drugs;
- reception of antispasmodics and anesthetics;
- ingestion of enveloping agents with sedative effect;
- use of suppositories with methyluracil and enema with chamomile broth.
When the colitis worsens, it is necessary to observe bed rest and diet No. 4. It eliminates inflammatory, putrefactive and fermenting processes in the body, normalizes the digestive tract and supplies the body with nutrients. This diet excludes fat and carbohydrates from the diet. Since this diet is low-calorie, it contains an increased protein content. It is not recommended to adhere to this diet for more than 7 days, because it contains insufficient amounts of vitamins and microelements, with a long absence of which the body can not function properly.
Colitis of the sigmoid colon is a complex disease, its treatment is a long process, but at the end it is possible to achieve successful results.