Characteristics of the disease by arterial hypertension and statistical data of the disease by WHO

1 Main indicators of the incidence of

Arterial hypertension is widespread in almost all countries of the world. According to WHO, it stably takes the leading place among the causes of death from cardiovascular diseases. In some countries, this disease is second only to infectious pathologies during epidemics and pandemics. In prosperous countries, where there have long been no epidemics with high mortality, arterial hypertension is competing in terms of the number of complications and unfavorable prognosis only with diabetes mellitus.

The statistics of the United Nations World Health Organization show that one in three adults in the world experience frequent increases in blood pressure.

Most of them are forced to constantly struggle with the negative consequences of hypertension. In this arterial hypertension is the cause of about half of all deaths from stroke and heart disease.

Statistics by age indicate that hypertension, followed by a stroke and heart attack, is rapidly growing younger. If even 20 years ago imagine a 35-year-old stroke was impossible, now this is very few people are surprised.

Around 25% of the population suffers from high blood pressure on the planet. Half of them are represented by the age category of 65 years and older.

At the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, about 60 million people were suffering from increased blood pressure in the United States. The deaths due to cardiovascular problems at this time were about 650,000. At the same time, 170,000 people died from the stroke.

Hypertension affects about 40% of men and 41% of women on average. The difference of 1% can be considered an error or a consequence of the fact that women live longer. Simply among the whole set of women there are many who entered the age-related stage of increased vascular risks.

About 57% of men with cardiovascular diseases of working age receive one or another group of disabilities. In women, these indicators are expressed somewhat differently: only 47% of those who have been diagnosed with hypertension receive disability. There is also a difference in disability groups. About 4% of hypertensive men receive 1 group of disability, about 58% - 2. Women suffering from hypertension receive a disability in slightly different proportions: 2% - 1 group, 53% - 2. However, the total number of disabled women is 254,8, among men - 175.9 per 10,000 of the population.

2 The situation in Russia

In the Russian Federation, the overall incidence of hypertension can be attributed to disadvantaged countries. In an average country, 3-6 million people experience symptoms of hypertension. Most often, they are caused by damage to the parenchyma and vessels of the kidneys. Among the leading causes are endocrine disorders, especially those associated with diabetes mellitus. Over the past 10-15 years, the situation on this indicator has not undergone significant changes.

The peculiarity is the fact that hypertension in Russian populations of men and women is often combined with other factors of cardiovascular risk. With age, this combination increases and leads to an increased risk of cardiovascular complications.

One of the most serious problems is the timely diagnosis of both hypertension itself and its genesis. In most hypertensive patients, the diagnosis is usually made after 3 years or more from the onset of the disease. In persons with unsatisfactory results of reconstructive interventions on the renal arteries, this delay can exceed 7 years.

3 Factors influencing the development of the pathology of

According to WHO statistics, this disease is characterized by the fact that it can be generated by external and internal factors.

External influences include all environmental influences that provoke the body's response in the form of increased blood pressure. It can be:

• an abundance of stressful situations;
• high level of wave contamination of the environment;
• long-term exposure to contaminants;
• defective food.

Internal factors are all violations of the normal functioning of the body, leading to the appearance of vascular pathologies. Since there are a lot of such factors, we limit ourselves here to examples of the most significant of them. These include:

• kidney disease;
• hormonal changes in the background;
• osteochondrosis;
• appearance of sclerotic plaques;
• inflammatory processes in the respiratory system;
• liver disease;
• cardiac pathology, etc.

If the blood pressure rises from time to time as a reaction to stress, high physical activity and weather phenomena, then this can be considered normal. Emission of adrenaline, increasing pressure, is made so that a person can quickly respond to the danger and avoid undesirable consequences.

If a person for a long time experiences all the symptoms of high blood pressure and is forced to fight them with medication, this can already be considered a pathology, usually caused by internal factors.

Hypertension, which is a consequence of disturbances in normal functioning of the body, can itself cause new pathologies. Most often, heart and brain are affected by hypertension. Speech, of course, is about such consequences of chronically high pressure, as a heart attack and stroke.

Thus, arterial hypertension is a consequence and cause of the development of a chain of pathological processes, generated initially by adverse environmental effects on humans.