Gastrointestinal( rotavirus) infection is a common disease that is diagnosed in people of any age. How contagious is the rotavirus intestinal infection, how long does the incubation period last? How to avoid infection?
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Symptoms and Treatment of Rotovirus Intestinal Infection -
Acute Infection: Symptoms and Proper Treatment in Adults -
Intestinal Infection in Adults - What Antibiotics to Take? -
Diet for intestinal infection - what can happen with -
disease Prevention of intestinal infections
How can I get infected
The causative agent of rotavirus intestinal infection is a particular pathogenic microorganism that penetrates the human stomach with dirty hands, food, or in contact with an infected person. The disease is often epidemiological, most often found in the cold season.
The incubation period is up to 5 days, but often the first signs of the disease begin to appear in the first day after infection. The virus is resistant to cold, when chlorination of water does not die.
Important! In children, intestinal flu is more common, it is more difficult.
Is intestinal infection? Yes, since it is transmitted by airborne droplets, the source of infection may be a sick person, or a carrier of the virus. You can get infected in any place with a large crowd of people.
Who is at risk:
- children from six months to 6-7 years;
- kids who feed on the formula from birth;
- older persons are more than 60 years old;
- women during pregnancy and lactation;
- people with chronic illnesses and weakened immunity.
How many rotavirus infections are contagious? A person is considered contagious with the appearance of the first signs of the disease and before the end of treatment. Quarantine is 10 days.
How many days does the treatment last? With timely access to specialists, rotavirus infection can be cured within 7-10 days.
Can I re-enter an intestinal infection?7 days after infection, the body produces a persistent immunity to intestinal flu viruses. Re-infection is rarely diagnosed, except for people with weakened immunity. But the intestinal flu virus is constantly mutating, so you can get infected with other forms of rotavirus infection.
Consequences of infection with rotavirus infection
When penetrating the human body rotavirus affects the mucous membrane of the stomach, there is nausea, vomiting, bloating. The virus prevents normal splitting of foods, uncleaned products are toxic to the body - there is severe diarrhea and intoxication.
What is the risk of rotavirus infection? Intestinal flu with proper treatment has no special complications. The main danger is dehydration. With diarrhea, the body loses a lot of fluid, the amount of urine released decreases. Against the backdrop of a lack of fluid, there may be confusion, a sharp drop in blood pressure, convulsions, irreversible changes in the nervous system. With a water deficit of more than 20%, a lethal outcome is possible.
Important! Rotavirus infection affects only the intestine, the virus does not penetrate into the blood.
Rotavirus Intestinal Infection in Children
Infants do not have intestinal flu, since protective antibodies are obtained from breast milk. But children who are at birth on artificial feeding can get an intestinal infection in 3-6 months.
The incubation period in children takes place in latent form, its duration is up to 5 days. Then the disease enters an acute stage - for 3-8 days the child will be tormented by frequent attacks of vomiting, painful spasms in the abdomen, upset of the stool. Rotavirus infection in children occurs against a background of high temperature - 39-40 degrees. All signs of influenza - cough, runny nose, sore throat and mucous membranes of the eyes.
Diarrhea is the main and most dangerous symptom of the disease, the child can have seizures more than 10 times a day. On the first day the feces have a yellow color with an acidic odor. In the following days, the stool acquires a consistency of clay, has a yellowish-gray color.
The recovery period takes up to 5 days - during this period the child no longer presents a danger to others. The baby may still be bothered by residual intestinal and respiratory symptoms.
What says about rotavirus infection Dr. Komarovsky:
- intestinal flu can not be treated alone - it is necessary to call a district pediatrician at home;
- rotavirus infection is a viral origin, so treating a child with antibiotics is useless;
- the basis of treatment is the fight against dehydration;
- the most dangerous complication is pneumonia, which occurs against the background of a deficiency of fluid in the body;
- does not feed forcibly ill children - a small starvation will be more useful than eating through strength.
To treat intestinal infections in children use anti-diarrhea drugs, to eliminate signs of intoxication, antipyretic drugs, antispasmodics. In the recovery period, you must take medication to restore the intestinal microflora.
The simplest solution against dehydration can be prepared from 1 liter of warm water, 30 g of sugar, 5 g of salt and 5 g of soda. Drink the solution of the child in small portions as often as possible. The optimal amount of urination is 1 time in 3 hours.
Until the child is fully recovered, categorically contraindicated dairy products - but if the baby is breastfeeding, it should be fed exclusively by the mother's milk. You can not give your child anything fried and fatty, from fruits and juices for a while you will have to give up.
Rotavirus enteric infection in adults
Intestinal flu is often diagnosed in pregnant and lactating women. Rotavirus does not affect the development of the fetus, a pregnant woman should make up for the loss of fluids, take safe medicines against diarrhea.
In case of rotavirus infection, the nursing mother should observe with special care all hygiene standards, monitor the state of the stool in the baby.
Important! Intestinal influenza does not apply to reasons for stopping breastfeeding.
How to distinguish intestinal infection in adults from food poisoning? Both diseases have absolutely similar manifestations, the symptoms can appear simultaneously with several members of the family or a team. The only difference is the duration of the disease. Signs of poisoning are maximum after 3 days. Intestinal flu lasts about 10 days.
The incubation period of intestinal infection in adults is from 12 hours to 7 days. The disease often occurs without any symptoms, or in the form of mild ailment, the temperature rises only in every 10 patients.
Preventive measures
Children can be vaccinated to prevent rotavirus infection. The Rotarix vaccine - contains 1 rotavirus, it is used orally. The first dose is given to the baby at the age of 6-12 weeks, the second after 4 weeks. Vaccination is not given to children older than 6 months.
RotaTeq vaccine - contains 5 rotaviruses, use it orally. Vaccination is carried out in 3 stages. The first - in 2 months, the second - in 4 months, the third - in half a year. It is necessary to start the vaccination no later than 12 weeks, it should be completed by 32 weeks.
Both vaccines can be made simultaneously with other vaccinations. In vaccinated children, the risk of complications is reduced by 75%, but vaccination can be done only in commercial medical institutions, since rotavirus vaccinations are not included in the list of necessary measures.
The peak of the disease occurs in the winter, but many suffer from intestinal flu during the summer holidays at sea. All pathogenic microorganisms actively multiply in a humid and warm environment, visitors do not have immunity to local viruses.
How not to catch an intestinal infection at sea:
- drink only purchased purified water;
- thoroughly and often wash your hands;
- wash all vegetables and fruits with hot water, preferably soak them for 20-30 minutes;
- avoid eating too exotic food, do not convey, do not get carried away with liquor.
It is necessary to refrain from buying food of dubious origin on the beach. At the first signs of indigestion take absorbents.
Is rotavirus infection or not? Like common influenza, intestinal flu is transmitted from person to person during sneezing and coughing. Therefore, children's educational institutions often have epidemics of this disease. With proper drug treatment, the disease lasts for 10 days. But if you do not go to the doctor on time, you may experience serious complications.