The inflammatory process of the bronchi that is accompanied by a cough and sputum is called acute bronchitis. Symptoms and treatment of acute bronchitis in adults can be different. But the reasons for the appearance are always the same - it's a bacterial and viral infection. Less common cause are fungi, allergens.
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How to treat chronic bronchitis in adults -
How to do respiratory gymnastics with bronchitis
This disease affects a lot of people. Every seventh patient who has applied for a qualified consultation of a doctor is diagnosed with an acute form of bronchitis.
Acute bronchitis symptoms
The clinical manifestations of bronchitis are affected by:
- causes of the disease;
- the nature of the course of the disease;
- localization, degree of inflammation;
- level of damage to the bronchial tree.
Damaged upper and lower respiratory tract are manifestations of the first signs of ailment.
The secondary type is characterized by symptoms similar to respiratory viral disease. First there is a runny nose, stuffy nose, hoarse and hoarse voice. Then comes weakness, there are headaches, the temperature rises, which is accompanied by the separation of sweat in large quantities. The disease is accompanied by conjunctivitis, a sore throat, an aching in the bones, a pain syndrome in all muscles.
Acute bronchitis is always accompanied by a pesky dry cough, which causes pain in the chest area. When coughing is characterized by the discharge of sputum, changing its color and consistency, depending on the stage of the disease. If the disease is caused by allergens, then transparent mucus is released.
If there are toxic substances in the respiratory tract, there are sensations of suffocation.
Usually the disease lasts a maximum of 3 weeks. With proper treatment and compliance with the regime, the temperature lasts no more than 10 days. Recently, many cases have been recorded, when the illness is delayed by a time longer than indicated.
Important! Acute bronchitis can occur without coughing and without fever.
Causes of
Acute bronchitis is a frequent illness in the autumn-spring period. Usually it is a continuation of ARVI.
The disease is divided into several types, each of which can be caused by various causes:
- infectious form;
- is non-infectious;
- unknown;
- mixed.
Infectious agents include viruses( influenza, measles, rubella, whooping cough, ornithosis, parainfluenza).And bacteria( pneumococcus, staphylococcus, hemophilic rod, chlamydia, mycoplasma).
Non-infectious sources of acute bronchitis are physical and chemical factors( dust, dry hot or cold air, poisonous substances).People with hereditary predisposition to allergy easily give in to the disease.
The mixed form of acute bronchitis is affected by infectious and non-infectious factors.
Important! The overall resistance of the body to the disease reduces nicotine, alcohol, work in poor conditions, irrational nutrition, hypothermia.
Pathogens of acute bronchitis can be transmitted by air, facial and hematogenous pathways.
Treatment in adults at home
It is not necessary to resort to independent treatment of bronchitis with the help of medications. It is better to entrust your health to experienced professionals.
At home, most often practiced:
- therapy with rubbers;
- compresses;
- inhalation;
- massage;
- herbal tea;
- medical gymnastics.
Inhalation
For the procedure use a nebulizer. If it is not heated, the container with the treatment solution is heated. It can be essential oils, boiled potatoes with validol, rubbed onions, garlic. It takes from 5 to 15 minutes to breathe the steam.
- The most commonly used for inhalation vasodilator and antimicrobial agents.
- From oils it is better to use fir and sea-buckthorn oil. A liter of water will require only 4-6 drops.
Rubbing agents
An excellent means for rubbing a patient is camphor alcohol with the addition of essential oils. This way blood circulation in the respiratory organs is improved.
Remove bergamot and eucalyptus oil. Expectorant is the oil of basil and bergamot. Oils can not be used in pure form, they should be mixed with any base oil or cream.
Compresses
The most ancient and effective compress is obtained with the help of mustard plasters. They put on the back, chest, front part of the calf. The duration of the procedure is about a quarter of an hour.
Massage and therapeutic gymnastics
It is necessary to massage the upper back, preferably using fir oil. Contraindication is fever.
To avoid the development of complications, the patient is recommended to do light gymnastics and breathing exercises.
Important! Physiotherapy is not recommended during a period of exacerbation of the disease, at elevated temperature and coughing attacks.
Physical exercises should begin with a breathing warm-up. During the exercises, the back and shoulders should be relaxed and even.
- Breathe in and out through tightly clamped nostrils. Do exercises for 2-3 minutes.
- Breathe exclusively through the mouth through the lips, folded with a thin tube. The nose is not involved in breathing.
- Lips folded with a tube, slowly inhale. Open your mouth wide and exhale. Breathe through the open mouth, exhale through the lips-tubes.
Between exercises it is necessary to breathe quietly for half a minute.
During the period of the disease it is recommended to drink more liquid. It is better if it is not only water, but also useful rose hips, raspberries, strawberries.
Acute bronchitis without temperature - treatment
Passage of acute bronchitis with increased temperature is observed in half of patients, in the second half of patients the disease runs without temperature.
Important! Frequent temperature changes warn of the transition of the disease to a chronic stage.
The temperature index does not particularly characterize the degree and severity of the course of the disease. It is necessary to take into account all the symptoms( type of cough, sputum production, its color, the presence of a cold) in order to prescribe the correct treatment.
The patient is recommended to pay attention to the maintenance of the body as a whole. For this, it is necessary to take drugs that enhance protective functions. It is necessary to identify allergens and avoid contact with them, to eat only natural and useful products, to temper, not to smoke.
In acute bronchitis, not only the temperature, but also the cough may be absent. In this case, expectorants and mucolytic drugs are prescribed( muclotin, lazolvan).
The absence of a cough can talk about the first stage of the disease, individual characteristics of the body. And also that there are no receptors in the bronchioles, which should be responsible for the cough reflex.
Folk remedies
To eliminate the symptoms of an acute disease, there are a lot of prescriptions and folk remedies for the treatment of bronchitis.
How to use onions with
To prepare, you need 250 grams of grated onions mixed with 250 grams of honey. There is a mixture 5 times a day for 5 g. It turns out not quite pleasant taste, but effective.
Garlic and lemon for a quick recovery
- Torsion in a meat grinder 5 medium lemons with two heads of garlic.
- Pour 1 liter of non-hot boiled water.
- Let it brew for three days.
Take in the morning and evening before meals for 15 years.
Thyme in the fight against acute bronchitis
It is necessary to prepare a decoction of 210 ml of water with the addition of 10 g of thyme, boil all the quarter of an hour, drain.
Drink 15 ml three times a day in a warm form.
Warming with mustard with honey
Mix mustard( powder), flour, vegetable oil and honey in equal proportions, evenly applied to cotton cloth. Soaked in a mixture of the material put on the night, on the top of the chest, secure with a woolen scarf. This compress cleanses the bronchi well.
Pharmacy tincture of propolis for adults
For 1/2 cup of hot milk dilute 20 drops of tincture, take the medicine before going to bed.
Treatment of acute bronchitis in adults with medicines
Acute form of the disease is rarely treated with antibacterial drugs. Antibiotics are effective only if the disease is supported by a bacterial infection.
There is a definite scheme of drug treatment:
- antibiotics of a number of penicillins, less often macrolides, cephalosporins and fluoroquinols - augmentin, macropen, erythromycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin;
- antiviral drugs - aflubin, viferon;
- antipyretic drugs - ibuprofen, paracetamol, panadol;
- mucolytics and expectorants - mukaltin, flavamed, lazolvan;
- bronchodilator drugs - eufillin;
- preparations with combined action - ascoril, erespal.
For treatment can apply and injections, which must be prescribed by a doctor. Dosage is also determined by the doctor. Intravenously inject benzylpenicillin. In some cases, it may be diluted with streptomycin.
Consequences of
The consequences of the transferred disease are directly related to the respiratory system. Frequent relapses lead to chronic bronchitis.
What complications can occur after an acute form of the disease?
- chronic bronchitis;
- is an inflammation of the lungs;
- bronchiectasis;
- respiratory failure;
- emphysema of the lungs;
- bronchial asthma;
- diffuse pneumosclerosis.
Due to the damage to the lung vessels, blood pressure rises, heart failure may begin.
Important! It should be timely to begin treatment of acute form, so as not to cause complications, which are treated much more difficult.
Care should be taken for your own health. Arrange walks in the fresh air, do morning exercises. Follow the balance of nutrition, there are more useful products. Observe the rules of hygiene, take vitamins - this is a guarantor of strong immunity.