Worms - symptoms and treatment in an adult

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Worms in humans cause the development of diseases, united by the common name of helminthiases. Worms are parasitic worms that can be found in almost all organs of our body: intestines, muscles, lungs, liver, heart and even eyes.

In the presence of worms in humans, the symptoms do not always manifest, if they arise, then masquerading as other diseases of the liver, gastrointestinal tract, gallbladder, etc. Sometimes these symptoms are so blurred that it is very problematic to establish the cause of the appearance of a particular problem, especially if it concerns children.

To date, a lot of parasites are known that can infect the human body. In total there are about 150 species of helminthiases. All worms in shape and structure of the body are divided into two large groups: roundworms or nematodes, and flatworms.

Children are most often infected with worms, and ascariasis and enterobiasis are the most common forms of helminthiases( caused by parasitic worm diseases).The most dangerous worms that can live in the human body are echinococcus and alveococcus. For each group of parasites, special means have been developed, the treatment of which will allow the withdrawal of worms from the body of an adult, or a child.

Types of worms in humans

There are more than two hundred species of human glistens. Most of them are not found in the middle belt, therefore about sixty species are distributed in Russia. Parasites are divided into contact( worms transmitted from one person to another), geogelmintoses( the larva lives in the soil, and the invasion occurs when soil particles enter the food) and biohelminthoses( parasites pass into the human body through the meat of infected animals or fish).

We will refer to some of the most common worms in humans:

1. Ringworms - pinworms, roundworms, whipworms, trichinella;
2. Tape worms - various kinds of chain, echinococcus, lentets;
3. Flat worms - all kinds of trematodes, flukes.

Let's take a closer look at each of the types of worms that can live in the body of an adult.

1. Roundworms are large round worms, red-yellow in color, reaching the length of up to 40 cm in the adult state.
2. Vlasoglav is a round worm 30-50 mm long, named after the shape of the body: the front part is long and narrow, like a hair,and the back is short and wide.
3. A wide ribbon - a large tapeworm, reaching a length of about 10 meters, can occur in individuals over 20 meters in length.
4. Ankylostomy is the combined name of two types of worms: hookworms of the duodenum, and a non-cavernous, roundworm 10-15 mm in length.
5. Trichinella - small round worms 2-5 mm long, causing severe disease - trichinosis.
6. The hepatic fluke( cat's fluke) is a flat worm from a class of flukes 7-20 mm in length. The disease caused by this parasite is called "opistorhoz"
7. Pig and bovine tapeworm are similar in structure to tapeworms up to 6 meters long.
8. Echinococcus parasitizes in the human body not in its adult form, but in the form of an intermediate form - Finns. The echinococcus itself is a 3-5 mm long ribbon worm
9. Alveococcus is a worm similar in echinococcus, with a similar structure and mechanism of development.

Symptoms and signs of infection with worms depend on the type of parasite, its location in the body, and also on the stage of its development.

Fish infected with worms.

How can I get infected?

The causes of infection with human worms are very diverse, the path of infection directly depends on the type of worms and their life cycle, it can be:

• eating dirty vegetables;
• non-observance of hygiene rules when cooking food;
• weak heat treatment of some food products, especially meat and fish;
• communication with domestic pets - cats, dogs, some kinds of rodents;
• non-observance of hygiene rules before meals, after visiting the bathroom, upon returning from a walk;
• bathing in contaminated reservoirs.

In the process of their vital activity worms produce poisonous substances that are absorbed into the blood and carried throughout the body, causing damage to the most important organs and systems.

Symptoms of worms in humans

Sometimes worms can for a long time without significant symptoms parasitize in the body of an adult, in some cases they cause the development of various chronic diseases, cause dangerous complications and even death.

With the onset of an acute period of helminthiosis, worms are eaten intensively in the intestine of a sick person, causing various signs of digestive system disorders: dysbacteriosis, abdominal pain, diarrhea.

Let's figure out what signs of helminths can be noted? We list the most common, common symptoms of worms in humans.

1. Disturbances of the function of the gastrointestinal tract - diarrhea, constipation, as well as abdominal pain;
2. Pain in the joints and muscles - parasites can move around the human body in order to settle in the most convenient places for their lives, for example, in the joint fluid and muscles. When this happens, a person experiences painful sensations;
3. Nervous system disorders and general malaise - manifests itself in the form of rapid fatigue, irritability, sleep disturbances and memory problems;
4. Allergic reactions and skin manifestations - the appearance of acne, acne and other eruptions - are also signs of the presence of worms in humans;
5. Decreased immunity and, as a consequence, the development of infectious diseases;
6. Sharp decrease in body weight;
7. Anemia - some worms suck blood from the walls of the intestine like leeches;
8. Grinding of teeth in a dream, and sleep disturbance;
9. Itching in the anus, especially at night. At this time, the female actively lays eggs, thereby causing itching in the anus;
10. Enlargement of lymph nodes, subfebrile body temperature;
11. Inflammation of the respiratory tract - cough, fever, sputum, runny nose - that's how the presence of worms can manifest.

The specific first signs will directly depend on the pathogen, and the location of the worm localization in the human body. For example, large worms, trematodes and chains like to parasitize in the liver, it can lead to - dystrophy of the liver cells, to obstruction of the bile ducts, thrombi, cirrhosis. Ascarids and pinworms live in the intestines, so they will go along with the feces. To find out how to remove these worms from a person, you should consult a doctor, he will appoint a suitable remedy.

Symptoms of infection with worms can appear at various times from the moment of infection with worms. So, the first symptoms of ascariasis appear after 2-3 days. For most of all other helminthic invasions, the symptoms appear after 2-3 weeks. The most common signs of infection with worms in an adult are allergic manifestations in the form of itching and rash, swelling, weakness, muscle pain, headache, fever, muscle and joint pain, increased eosinophils in the blood, etc.

Being a parasite, the worms feed at the expense of the host organism. In doing so, they absorb a significant amount of proteins and carbohydrates, mineral elements, vitamins and other nutrients. Helminthiasis can be acute and chronic. The first last 2-3 weeks and often manifest allergies, the chronic stage can last for months, years and even decades.

Treatment of worms in humans

The basis for the treatment of worms in humans are specific anthelmintic drugs, adults are prescribed time-tested best tablets, such as - pyrantel, mebendazole, albendazole, carbendacim.

The choice of the drug for treatment depends on the presence of specific worms in the human body. In the acute period of the disease, the doctor can prescribe to the patient antiallergic drugs, such as suprastin or claritine.

The most popular tablets on the market that are able to excrete worms in humans:

1. Vermox( the best remedy for trichocephalosis and enterobiosis);
2. Nemosol( most active against larvae of echinococcus and nematodes);
3. Wormmin and other broad spectrum agents containing Mebendazole;
4. Decaris and other broad-spectrum drugs containing Levamisole;
5. Praziquantel( the best tablets for cestodiasis and trematodes).

Only on the basis of analysis, diagnosis, the doctor prescribes the treatment of worms in humans, since anthelmintic drugs are quite toxic. If the worms are found repeatedly during the analysis, the specialist determines how to withdraw the worms, offering a new treatment regimen based on the use of other worms that will better cope with the task.

How to treat worms with folk remedies

Folk methods of treatment include medicinal plants that have a helminthic, laxative effect. Although the effectiveness of these drugs has not been scientifically tested, many of them have been used since ancient times to treat worms in humans at home.

1. The best folk remedy is pumpkin seeds from worms. Take and clean the pumpkin seeds( 80-100 grams), try not to damage the green peel. Pound them, add 2 tablespoons of honey and 100 g of water, mix. Take this drug must be strictly in the morning, on an empty stomach. One dining boat every hour for 3 hours. After you need to take a laxative, and after 1-2 hours put an enema.
2. Garnet. The pomegranate bark contains Punicin, which is highly toxic to worms. Broth of bark on fresh water should be taken three times a day for adults and children suffering from parasites.
3. Onion broth( 1 onion, pour 200 ml of boiling water, insist 2 days, eat before meals for 4 days)

As for prevention, to prevent helminthic invasion it is necessary to wash hands with soap after returning from the street, meat and fish to be heat treated, Do not drink raw water and do not swim in polluted water.