An extended diagnosis of dolichosigma begins with an anamnesis. The doctor in detail asks the patient and records his complaints about health. Particular attention is paid to when the constipation began, how long they last( two, three days, a week), how does defecation occur( independently, after taking laxatives and cleansing enemas), with which the patient connects the appearance of symptoms that cause painfuldiscomfort. The doctor will certainly try to find out whether there were operations in the patient's life, if so, when they were produced and for what purpose. It is also important to understand whether the relatives of the patient had gastrointestinal tract diseases. Such a survey allows you to exclude a tendency to other pathologies of the gut. And what other examination is carried out when the dolichosigma is suspected?
After the conversation, the doctor must visually inspect the patient, he will conduct a finger examination of the intestine, then he will feel the stomach. The diagnosis is confirmed if palpation allows you to identify the pain that is located on the left side of the navel. In order to exclude the possibility of developing similar pathologies similar to the symptomatology, laboratory and instrumental diagnostics of dolichosigma are carried out.
The patient is given a referral to clinical and biochemical blood analysis, stool analysis, which allows to detect latent blood, coprogram, feces analysis for the presence of eggs of worms. Laboratory diagnostics helps to detect the reduction of red blood cells in the blood, the presence of inflammatory diseases, latent liver diseases, invisible gastric or intestinal bleeding, lack of salts, undigested food fragments, the presence of parasites in the intestine.
Instrumental methods for diagnosing dolichosigma
Instrumental diagnostics of dolichosigma is also always used in the examination of a patient:
- It is first directed to ultrasound, the apparatus allows to visually see the presence of lengthening of the sigmoid colon and the formation of extra loops.
- The patient is then given an X-ray. This method is used for diagnosing only in adults, it is useless to do x-rays for children up to a year, the picture will not show a significant difference between normal indices and the described pathology.
- Recently, the usual X-ray in dolichosigma has increasingly been replaced by irrigography. This is also an X-ray examination, but with the use of a barium mixture. It allows not only to clearly see the presence of lengthening of the sigmoid region and the formation of extra loops, but also to assess what became the large intestine, narrowed or expanded, what is the degree of development of the pathology.
- Often appointed with dolichosigma colonoscopy. Such diagnostics visually shows the state of the intestine from the inside, the surgeon can see violations, integrity of the mucosa of the described hollow organ during its carrying out. The procedure of colonoscopy is carried out using endoscopic equipment, a thin tube is inserted through the anal opening, at the end of which the camera is fixed. Her image is displayed on the monitor, so a doctor who performs a colonoscopy can perform a diagnostic examination in a realistic regime with dolichosigma and perform a puncture of the mucous layer. Why do we need such an operation? By performing biopsy at a colonoscopy, physicians have the opportunity to exclude or confirm the presence of an abnormal birth defect( Hirschprun's disease).His symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of dolichosigma, but the consequences are much more serious. Also, these two pathologies have different directions of treatment, which is why colonoscopy with dolichosigma is mandatory.
During the examination in some cases, a consultation of the gastroenterologist is needed.