On what grounds to recognize the eye disease iridocyclitis and therapeutic measures

1 General information and varieties of the disease

Iridocyclitis is an inflammatory process that covers the iris of the eye and the ciliary body, a chronic disease accompanied by frequent relapses and complications. If there is no timely help, visual acuity decreases. The inflammatory process affects the iris of the eye and the ciliary body. To lead to its development can defeat the body with viruses, infections, bacteria and fungi.

The first clinical manifestations are capable of hypothermia, dental and nasopharyngeal diseases. Symptoms of the disease can occur at any age. The disease is common among people 20-40 years old. The condition is characterized by the appearance of a pronounced inflammatory process and a change in the microcirculation of the blood. All this is accompanied by an unpleasant pain syndrome. The person is difficult to tolerate bright light, he has a clouding of the vitreous body, while the intraocular pressure decreases.

People often complain about blurred vision and unbearable pain. Inspection of the patient indicates a pronounced narrowing of the pupils, while the vessels of the eyes are dilated. At pressing on an eyeball the person feels a strong pain.

Several types of disease are distinguished depending on its course:

• acute;
• subacute;
• is chronic with frequent relapses.

By the severity of inflammation, the disease happens:

• exudative;
• serous;
• fibrous;
• hemorrhagic.

Each type of disease is accompanied by a special clinical picture.

2 The main causes of the pathology

Factors affecting the development of the disease are not so small. All causes are divided into endogenous and exogenous. In most cases, the disease occurs due to traumatic damage to the organs of vision and inflammatory processes. Iridocyclitis can be caused by pathogenic microorganisms.

Eye disease provokes rheumatoid conditions. These include Bechterew's disease, autoimmune thyroiditis and rheumatism. Influence of metabolic processes in the body, in particular diabetes mellitus and gout, contributes to its contribution. Inflammation of the iris can be affected by systemic disease.

Among patients suffering from infectious diseases, the prevalence of iridocyclitis is 40%.The developed vascular network and increased susceptibility of the iris of the eye are another common causes of the onset of the disease. Inflammatory process leads to damage to the mucous membrane of the organs of vision by microbes and toxins. This entails immunological damage. Inflammation is accompanied by a violation of microcirculation and leads to the development of dystrophy.

An important role in the development of the disease is played by excessive physical exertion, immune disorders and frequent stressful situations.

3 Clinical picture of the disease

Symptoms of the disease are obvious, so that a preliminary diagnosis can be made after anamnesis. The main clinical manifestations include light intolerance, which leads to abundant tear. After removing the source of irritation, unpleasant symptoms remain for some time. Also, a pronounced inflammatory process accompanied by pain syndrome is observed. The pain intensifies at night.

Upon examination, the pupil constriction is fixed, gradually this leads to deformation. The iris changes color. With a thorough examination of the patient, neoplasms often take the form of adhesions. The main place of their localization is the pupil and the lens. The blood vessels are dilated, the intraocular pressure is constantly changing.

The above symptoms refer to the acute manifestation of pathology, which is caused by previous rheumatic processes in the body. A persistent inflammatory process can lead to a fusion of the iris with the anterior lens layer. The rheumatic form of the disease is accompanied by a marked pain syndrome, which is present in both eyes. Chronic disease has a similar clinical picture, but of a lighter character.

Symptoms of the disease do not allow an accurate diagnosis. For this, a specialist needs to carry out a number of diagnostic measures. Preliminary inspection is carried out, after which modern methods are used. First of all, a specialist determines visual acuity. If there is severe swelling, it decreases.

The intraocular pressure is then measured. The presence of adhesions is always accompanied by a high index. An additional method of research is biomicroscopy. During the study, edema of the eyelids, cornea and opalescence of the anterior chamber are detected. It is possible that there is pus, the iris has a greenish tint, the pupil is narrowed, and there is practically no reaction to light.

An important method of investigation is the determination of the hyponion. When viewed in transmitted light, a small amount of exudate in the vitreous body is fixed. In the course of ophthalmoscopy, it is impossible to investigate the fundus, due to a strong inflammatory process. In the end, the eyes are ultrasound.

Laboratory tests can be used as additional methods. In case of difficulties, the specialist recommends visiting a rheumatologist, allergist, infectious disease specialist and therapist.

After the correct diagnosis is made, the symptoms of the disease must be eliminated. In the presence of an acute form of the disease, resort to first aid. Its goal is to maximize the pupil. When the task is achieved, the formation of exudate will decrease and the affected organ will be at rest. After clarifying the cause of the disease, an individual treatment regimen is prepared.