With the drug Metformin not only treat type 2 diabetes, it is used against obesity. In the minds of consumers, this use means turning the drug into a dietary supplement, making Metformin safe, allowed for combination with alcohol. But is it possible to drink alcoholic beverages and a cure for diabetes, what are the health consequences?
Metformin
The synthetic substance metformin is used to treat non-insulin dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus. The drug belongs to the group of hypoglycemic agents, is highly effective, has fewer contraindications compared with other antidiabetic agents.
Pharmacological action
The drug hinders the absorption of glucose in the intestine, accelerates its utilization in peripheral tissues, which helps to reduce blood glucose in diabetes. The drug does not stimulate the synthesis of insulin, does not contribute to the depletion of the possibilities of beta cells of the pancreas. The drug normalizes the content of cholesterol, lipids in the blood, reduces weight.
When taken on an empty stomach, therapeutic concentration is achieved after 2 hours, after meals - after 2.5 hours. It is excreted mainly by the kidneys. The half-life of blood is 17.6 hours.
In case of renal failure, the elimination half-life is prolonged, the renal clearance is reduced - the amount of blood( ml) that the kidneys are able to clear in a minute.
Contraindications
The drug has a number of contraindications:
- Kidney disease;
- liver disease;
- respiratory, heart failure;
- disorders of cerebral circulation;
- acute phase of myocardial infarction;
- pregnancy, lactation;
- lactacidosis( lactic acidosis) is a serious condition in diabetes, characterized by accumulation in the blood, peripheral lactic acid tissues;
- chronic alcoholism.
Side effects of
The most common side effects from the gastrointestinal tract. These changes appear:
- anorexia;
- disorder of stool( diarrhea);
- with nausea;
- flatulence, stomach pain, which occurs when eating;
- metallic taste in the mouth.
Similar manifestations are accompanied:
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- pain in the muscles;
- drowsiness;
- lowering blood pressure;
- bradyarrhythmia is a decrease in heart rate( less than 60 beats per minute) with a disturbance in the rhythm of the heartbeats.
Analogues
Metformin and its analogs are available in the form of tablets of conventional and prolonged action. Analogues of Metformin include: Glucophage and Glucophage long, Bagomet, Gliiformin, Diaformin OD, Metfogamma, Metformin MV-Teva, Metformin-Richter, Siofor, Formethine.
On the video about the drug Metformin:
Interaction
Drinking alcohol in treatment Metformin refers to contraindications and is highlighted in a separate paragraph. The main danger of overlap is the high risk of complications with the development of lactic acidosis.
Transformations with laktatsidoza
This condition is mortally dangerous for diabetes, it is rare enough if the patient does not consume alcohol. When taking alcohol-containing beverages, the risk of lactic acidosis increases dramatically.
This phenomenon is confirmed experimentally - the simultaneous administration of Metformin in a therapeutic dose and ethanol in an amount of 1 g / kg causes an increase in the concentration of lactate in the blood in 3-13 times.
Vitamin Deficiency
One of the causes of lactic acidosis is vitamin B1 deficiency. And it is known that alcohol worsens the absorption of this vitamin in the intestines, and chronic alcoholism shows a sharp shortage of this biologically active compound.
After drinking alcohol occurs:
- a violation of absorption of B1 in the digestive tract, an increase in the need for this vitamin;
- occurrence of vitamin B1 deficiency;
- multiple increases in the risk of lactic acidosis.
Hypoxia when taking alcohol as the cause of lactacidosis
Provoking the development of lactic acidosis can hypoxia - insufficient supply of tissues with oxygen. It is especially important that with the use of alcohol develops oxygen starvation of the brain.
It is the hypoxia of the brain, which arises from the clotting of blood vessels by blood clots, is considered the cause of euphoria corresponding to the initial stage of alcoholic intoxication.
Blood clots are thromboses from glued red blood cells. There are such microthrombi under the influence of ethanol, got into the blood after drinking any alcoholic drinks - noble wines, cognac, moonshine, beer.
In all alcohol-containing beverages, the main acting character is ethyl alcohol, and the chemical formula of this compound in all alcohol is unchanged. And also invariably causes from the first sips a blockage of blood vessels and euphoria.
Kidney Dysfunction
Absolute contraindication for the simultaneous administration of Metformin and alcohol is a kidney disease caused by chronic alcoholism.
But even with a single admission in individuals who are not alcoholic, alcohol reduces kidney function, causing Metformin to be delayed in the body, which can lead to overdose and the appearance of dangerous side effects.
Action on hepatic enzymes
Ethyl alcohol inhibits hepatic enzymes, causing a state of hypoglycemia. If taking alcoholic beverages in the blood there is antidiabetic drug Metformin, the result of such compatibility may be hypoglycemic coma.
If the person is conscious, then you can try to give him a sweet tea, give a candy to prevent the development of hypoglycemic coma.
Possible consequences of
Consequence of simultaneous administration of Metformin or its analogs with alcohol may be lactic acidosis.
The appearance of this severe condition is indicated by the symptoms:
- a sharp drop in blood pressure;
- darkening of consciousness, weakness;
- indifference to others, lack of reactions to treatment, reluctance to communicate, answer questions;
- superficial, frequent breathing, hyperventilation.
A dangerous consequence of taking Metformin and alcohol may be the phenomenon of hyperventilation, accompanied by a decrease in the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood.
Low concentration of carbon dioxide prevents the supply of tissues with oxygen, as hemoglobin binds to oxygen, but does not transfer it to tissues. As a result, tissues suffer from a lack of oxygen.
Rules for taking
After taking alcohol Metformin can be taken no earlier than 2 days later. This time is necessary to restore the function of the kidneys. Alcohol should be considered not only alcoholic drinks, but alcohol-containing drugs.
You can not take Metformin before 2 days after using any alcohol tincture, a syrup containing ethyl alcohol.
Young people should take at least 18 hours before taking Metformin before drinking alcohol. For elderly people, the half-life of the drug is not established. The duration of excretion of the drug is prolonged in diseases of the kidneys, liver in an unpredictable manner.
Given that Metformin is prescribed to drink 2-3 times a day, there is no possibility of drinking alcohol while treating this medication or its analogue at any age, if not interrupt treatment.
Conclusions
The opinion of doctors about the use of alcohol and Metformin is unequivocal - it is impossible to combine a medicine and a hot drink. In the responses of consumers there is a disagreement.
This is explained by the fact that drugs containing metformin as an active ingredient are used for weight sifting by young people with healthy kidneys engaged in bodybuilding, fitness. In their responses, there is an erroneous opinion about the possibility of combining alcohol and Metformin.
If there is a celebration, which will have to drink alcohol, after the last intake of the medicine must pass at least 18 hours. To resume treatment with Metformin again, you will have to take a break in taking the drug - after drinking alcohol you can take the medicine only after 2 days.