Pancreas is scarred very rarely. This is due to its position in the human body - it is located in the abdominal cavity and is protected by the spine, muscles and other organs.
But the injuries of this organ still occur, and 70-80% of such injuries are caused by penetrating wounds. Almost always, the surrounding organs suffer. Even a wound caused by a blunt object can cause a rupture of the pancreas or its closed trauma. Usually, the neck of the organ undergoes trauma, parenchyma and the gland duct are destroyed, a fistula, an abscess or a false cyst is formed.
The volume and nature of mechanical damage to this organ depends on the injury - whether it is open or closed. Among open injuries, for the most part, chopped and gunshot wounds occur;among the closed - bruises and hemorrhages. There are also small, inconspicuous hemorrhages and concussions of the tissues of the pancreas. Among the closed injuries of this organ are the following:
1) a bruise of the gland without rupturing the peritoneum covering it;
2) incomplete rupture of the pancreas or only rupture of the peritoneum;
3) complete rupture of the gland.
With open injuries the body of the organ most often suffers, and with the closed ones the head and tail. In case of gunshot and stab wounds, splenic vessels are damaged. If the injury is closed, even with a complete transverse rupture of the gland, the trunk spleen vessels in most cases remain unscathed.
Contusions, tearing capsules and pancreatic tissue, hemorrhages, deep and complete destruction and crushing can cause severe bleeding into the abdominal cavity or retroperitoneal tissue. Because of the violation of the integrity of the pancreatic ducts, the enzymes produced by the pancreas come into the surrounding tissues, which causes edema, thrombosis, fatty necrosis of the vessels and the gland itself. Breaking the gland is a serious complication of pancreatitis, which resulted in the development of deadly peritonitis.
Sometimes people use the phrase "the pancreas has burst". This is not entirely true. It can not burst - it's not a bubble. As a result of blunt trauma, iron can break or break, and only the cyst that has been in the body for a long time can burst. Be that as it may, injuries require emergency medical care, in most cases - surgical intervention.