By insuloma refers to the type of tumor lesions of pancreatic islets. Islet neoplasms can be:
- benign tumors, that is adenomas, which occur in 80% of all patients with insuloma;
- malignant tumors, namely adenocarcinomas.
If the tumor has a diameter of up to 2 cm, then, most likely, it is benign. Malignant tumors have a diameter of 6 cm.
The tumor is characterized by slow growth and lack of metastases. Most of the formations are characterized by active secretion. Especially often secretion is manifested when malignant endocrine tumors are detected.
Causes of insuloma
Neoplasms in the pancreas are often triggered by a drop in glucose levels, which occurs as a result of decreased insulin production. Hypoglycemia of the body is characterized by a decrease in the concentration of glucose in the blood.
Insuloma is more common in adult men and women. Moreover, neoplasms appear in various areas of the internal organ, but are most often located in the caudal part and in the head of the pancreas. The lesions differ in zigzag growth.
Symptoms of pancreatic insuloma
The primary signs of insuloma are such manifestations as:
- general weakness of the body;
- increased sweating;
- persistent feeling of hunger;
- dizziness and headache;
- emotional instability, irritability, fear, crying;
- impaired ability to coordinate movements;
- amnesia;
- impairment of visual function.
Consider the signs characteristic of the disease. A physician can distinguish insuloma from other diseases due to the absence of:
- a burdensome anamnesis characteristic of cancerous lesions;
- bright clinical symptoms of cancer;
- of tumor intoxication;
- growth dynamics of neoplasm;
or in the presence of:
- a normal index of specific proteins, the level of which increases after the development of malignant lesions;
- non-uniform distribution of blood vessels inside the neoplasm;
- general symptoms, characteristic of pancreatic diseases;
- pain after mechanical pressure on the internal organs adjacent to the pancreas;
- jaundice resulting from the overlap of the bile duct by the tumor formation;
- symptoms of intestinal obstruction, for example, nausea, heaviness in the abdomen and vomiting.
Observing the development of the disease, it is possible to identify the external manifestation of insuloma in the form of variable hyperemia and pallor of the skin.
Manifestations of severe
disease In severe forms of pancreatic disease the patient may suffer from:
- seizures;
- loss of consciousness;
- hyperreflexion;
When an infection with insuloma, the onset of coma is possible. Coma is the cause of a sharp decline in blood sugar levels.
Treatment of insuloma
Clinical analyzes help determine the presence of the disease. Experts check the blood glucose level, identify signs of hypoglycemia and conduct ultrasound examination of the pancreas.
When a coma occurs, the patient is given glucose. Operative intervention is recognized as effective treatment of insuloma. When a malignant neoplasm is detected, the patient undergoes a course of chemotherapy.
After the operation, the patient may suffer from such complications as:
- pancreatitis;
- of the pancreas fistula;
- abscess;
- peritonitis;
- pancreatic necrosis;
- digestive disorders.
- Preventive measures
To prevent the development of insuloma, it is recommended to use a special diet based on fractional nutrition. Food should contain sugars within a daily quota. In a daily meal should include foods rich in fiber and dietary fiber, such as legumes, vegetables and cereals. You should adhere to the principles of healthy eating, avoiding frequent intake of fast food, fried and fried foods, as well as carbonated and alcoholic beverages.
Forecast of
disease Doctors note that about 70% of patients with insuloma recover after surgical removal of the tumor. Early diagnosis allows you to avoid changes in the central nervous system and reduce the duration of rehabilitation. Mortality in this disease reaches no more than 10%.
Relapse, that is, repeated pancreatic damage, occurs in 3% of cases. The survival rate of patients after the operation for the removal of a malignant tumor does not exceed 60%.
After treatment with insuloma, patients are on dispensary records with a neurologist and endocrinologist. They are recommended to undergo a regular examination of the pancreas.