Gastric cancer in the early stages has a mild symptomatology, so in 80% of cases it is detected already at 4 degrees( the last, terminal stage).At the 4th stage of stomach cancer, a malignant tumor spreads not only to the stomach, but also to neighboring organs and regional lymph nodes. In addition, there are metastases to distant organs. The diameter of the tumor at the terminal stage can be only 5 mm( neuroendocrine tumor, melanoma) or even reach 30 cm( Uning tumor).
About complete cure at the 4-th stage of cancer in the vast majority of cases, no speech, but with adequate treatment can extend the life of the patient, not to allow a strong decline in its quality and save the person from suffering.
Metastases can affect the gates of the spleen, liver, abdominal aorta, pancreas, ovaries, lungs. Peritoneum with cancer metastasis can be covered with multiple cancers.
Symptoms of stomach cancer of the fourth stage
If at the initial stage of stomach cancer its symptoms are similar to the symptoms of gastritis, then in later stages, stomach cancer manifests:
- with persistent intense pains in the abdomen;
- frequent occurrence of vomiting with bloody streaks;
- rapid weight loss;
- small portions of food can cause a feeling of overeating;
- strong general weakness;
- the skin of the patient becomes pale, acquire an earthy tinge.
Treatment of stomach cancer of the 4th stage of
In the treatment of stomach cancer, 4 degrees tend to achieve:
- restriction of tumor spread;
- stabilization of the tumor process;
- decrease in tumor growth rate;
- maintaining the normal functioning of all human organs and systems;
- prevent the development of complications.
Stabilize malignant process is possible in 40-45% of cases with the help of chemotherapy. In this case, one or more drugs may be used.
Also palliative treatment of stomach cancer of the 4th degree can include surgical operations( for example, if the bleeding starts from the tumor).Also, surgical intervention in the fourth stage of stomach cancer can be carried out to restore the passage of food( called a gastroenterostomy operation), which was hampered by a growing tumor. In this operation, 10-15% of patients with stomach cancer in the 4th stage need.
In the terminal stage of cancer, which began in the cardiac part of the stomach, followed by the transition of the tumor to the esophagus, an endoscopic operation is performed to install the stent into the stomach and esophagus in order to make it possible to feed the patient with a probe.
Radical operations at the fourth degree, such as gastrectomy, gastrectomy, proximal resection, other than surgical intervention on the organ itself, entail operations on the affected organs of the neighboring organs: liver, spleen, pancreas, transverse colon.
When mechanical jaundice occurs( when eye sclera, skin and mucous membranes are colored yellow due to an extremely elevated level of bilirubin in the blood), X-ray surgical intervention is performed. The increase in bilirubin in the blood for stomach cancer4 degree occurs when the tumor is squeezed by the bile duct. Elevated bilirubin provokes the development of hepatic encephalopathy and inhibition of regulatory centers of the brain. To reduce the level of bilirubin, drainages for temporary outflow of bile are established. Subsequently, the drainage is replaced by a stent, which maintains the bile duct in the open state. It may be necessary to perform an operation to install several drains. Such surgical intervention can significantly improve the quality of life of a deadly person and prolong it.
In the treatment of cancer, especially in the last fourth stage, the patient needs the support of relatives and friends. Surrounding close people need to create for the patient all the conditions so that he can fight for life. Close people should be very attentive and patient, because the deadly people can be extremely irritable and begin to quarrel over anything.
At the same time, it is not necessary for a mortally ill person to openly lie, because a tumor at stage 4 can reach such a size that it is easily probed, and other symptoms indicate an extremely serious nature of the disease.
Stomach cancer in the 4th stage: diet and nutrition
In case of stomach cancer, if a person can still eat independently and not through the probe, it is necessary to follow such recommendations:
- to follow a diet in which fried dishes, red meat,broths and soups on meat, spicy seasonings, canned food, salinity, smoked meat, mushrooms, fast carbohydrates, unripened fruits, animal fats, sauerkraut, tea, coffee, alcohol, any fizzy drinks and any other gastric irritating foods;
- diet should be balanced by the content of substances necessary for life;
- portions should be small, you need to eat 5-6 times a day;
- should not be too large gaps between meals.
When feeding a person through the gastronomy, special high-calorie mixtures are used, which are purchased at the pharmacy. It is also possible to prepare mixtures at home: for this purpose, it is used rubbed soups and cereals, soft-boiled eggs.
Stomach cancer in the 4th stage: the
prognosis Despite the fact that the 4th degree of stomach cancer is already an irreversible malignant process, the prognosis for this disease is relatively favorable compared to other oncological diseases in the 4th stage: the probability of surviving infor 5 years at the last stage is 15-20%.For young people, the forecast is better than for the elderly.
In general, the consequences of the 4th degree of cancer depend on the extent of the damage to the internal organs. The most favorable prognosis is in patients with a squamous cell disease after radiation therapy.