The pancreas anatomically stands out head, body and tail. The head fits tightly to the duodenum. In the intestinal cavity there is a duct of the spleen and gall bladder. Its changes are the reason for the violation of the patency of the ducts. CA, C-R, BL, ZNO - diagnoses of malignant changes obtained as a result of the initial examination. The presence in the diagnosis of any of these combinations of letters denotes a doctor's suspicion of a malignant tumor. Further examination and delivery of tests can both confirm and refute the diagnosis of CA.
CA pancreatic head
Since the head closely adjoins the intestinal wall, metastases of malignant pancreatic changes affect primarily the stomach and intestines.
In case of suspicion or symptoms of CA pancreatic disease, the patient is referred, among other tests, to a blood test. The presence of CA 19-9 antigens in the blood test confirms the presence of a malignant neoplasm in the spleen.
After detection of the CA 19-9 antigen in the blood, a person is sent for follow-up examinations to find out the type of neoplasm. They can be:
- insulinoma;
- glucagon;
- gastrinoma, etc.
BL of the pancreas
BL of the pancreas can be localized not only in the head, but also in the body and in the tail. This malignant neoplasm, which can be called either cancer, or ZNO.BL, as well as other SNO are subject, mainly, to the elderly. But the disease can also be registered in people who abuse fatty or fried foods and alcohol.
BL may accompany liver disease( such as cirrhosis) or type 2 diabetes.
Symptoms of the BL of the pancreas in the early stages usually do not reveal themselves. To detect it help:
- biopsy;
- ultrasound;
- computer examination;
- blood test.
Pancreas
If a change in the size or geometry of the head, body or tail of the organ was detected during the examination, it is extremely important to identify the nature of the tumor or tumor. If the examinations show that the neoplasm is benign, then the direct threat to life can not be feared. If, as a result of the examination, the diagnosis of ZNO is diagnosed, then, the tumor is malignant.
The first sign of pancreatic jaundice may be mechanical jaundice. It is caused not by the causative agents of infectious diseases, but by the fact that the tumor covers the bile duct during its growth.
C-R pancreatic head
Changes in the head of the body are much more common than the body or tail. Clarification of the position of the malignant neoplasm is facilitated by positron emission tomography. In addition, this study shows the presence of metastases.
Positron emission examination is carried out by introducing into the patient's body radionuclides, which are mainly absorbed by malignant cells. The following picture shows the exact limits of spread of the tumor. In addition to determining the scope of the forthcoming surgical intervention, this method allows you to find out the necessary stages of pre-examination.
In addition to the positron emission survey, when suspicion of C-R pancreatic head is used:
- fibrogastroduodenoscopy;
- angiography;
- pancreatocholangiography and some other examinations.