1 Characteristics of the preparation
This is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with a strong analgesic effect. Despite the fact that the drug helps to remove the strongest pain symptoms, it should be used only for the doctor's prescription. Important instructions that are recommended for doctors to read before applying the medication in the manual are:
- Taking medication can cause a decrease in the volume of circulating blood, which can lead to a risk of developing adverse reactions from the kidneys. In some cases, the drug is prescribed with drug groups, which helps to unite the red bodies in the blood within a day or two.
- The drug is not recommended for use in the preparation of a patient for the use of anesthesia or as an agent for anesthesia in obstetric and gynecological practice.
- Do not use ketorol simultaneously with Paracetamol for five days. If the patient has poor blood coagulation, his administration is monitored by a constant examination of the number of platelets in the blood. This is of great importance after an operative intervention and requires constant monitoring of hemostasis.
- Since the drug affects the state of the central nervous system, it is not recommended to be used to treat patients whose work or type of activity requires special concentration. Categorically it is contraindicated to use it, if it is foreseen to be behind the wheel or to work with dangerous mechanisms.
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Ketorol is prescribed for high intensity pain of various types, after band surgery, for malignant tumors and other areas of medicine requiring pain relief.
It is absolutely forbidden to use this medicine if the patient:
- has an increased indicator of the body's sensitivity to the active substance of the agent-ketorolac;
- bronchial diseases - asthma, bronchospasm;
- laryngeal edema after or with angina;
- hypovolemia;
- erosive formations in the gastrointestinal tract;
- deviations in kidney and liver function;
- predisposition to large blood loss;
- hemorrhagic diathesis.
The drug should not be used to relieve pain in pregnant women and breastfeeding.
Ketorol is manufactured in the form of tablets and injections. There are no other forms of the drug. Tablets are used orally in doses prescribed by a doctor, in accordance with the expressed pain syndrome. The course of treatment with the drug is prescribed no more than five days.
With repeated treatment, the doctor prescribes the dosage of the drug on the basis of the severity of the pains, the comorbidities present.
Parenteral administration of the drug provides a course of treatment for no more than five days.
2 Pharmacological actions
Ketorol inhibits the activity of the enzyme cyclooxygenase in individual tissues, which helps to reduce the activity of signals of pain sensitivity, inflammation and heat regulation. Due to this, the drug is attributed to pain of a different nature.
If the medicine is prescribed for oral administration, it is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Reception on an empty stomach makes it possible for 40 minutes to get the active substance of the drug into the blood. With intramuscular administration, its absorption is several times faster and higher. This level of concentration can be achieved only with a four-hour oral intake or parenteral intake during the day.
When taken orally in the amount of 10 mg, the drug during breastfeeding can enter the mother's milk after 2 hours. The medicine is excreted mainly by the kidneys and only by 6% through the digestive system. If the patient treats kidney diseases with the aid of the apparatus of an artificial kidney, Ketorol is not excreted.
In its pharmacodynamics, the drug does not affect the function of respiration, does not inhibit this process, it can not cause drug dependence in the patient.
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The drug does not have sedative and anxiolytic properties. If the medicine was administered intramuscularly, its analgesic effect can already occur in 30 minutes-hour. The maximum effectiveness of the drug can be demonstrated in 1-2 hours.
3 Compatibility with other
agents The active substance ketorolac in Ketorol may, when used simultaneously with other types of medicinal products, show irreversible effects, so when treating Ketorol and other medicines at the same time, you should consult a doctor.
Taking the drug with Aspirin, calcium preparations, adrenal cortex hormones, ethanol, Corticotropin can cause bleeding and ulcerative formations in the gastrointestinal tract.
Benzoic acid reduces the process of biological purification of body tissues, increases the concentration of the drug in the plasma. Against the background of joint use of drugs may increase the toxicity of the active substances of both drugs. The risk of severe bleeding can cause the joint use of Ketorol with such drugs as thrombolytics, antiaggregants, anticoagulants, Pentoxifylline, Heparin, Cefotetan.
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When insulin is administered and Ketorol is taken, insulin action is increased, as well as oral hypoglycemic agents.
Together with Valproate may cause coagulation disorders. May increase the concentration in the blood Verapamil, "Nifedipine
When prescribed with gold preparations, the risk of developing a condition in which tubular secretion is blocked, the cleansing of the body from the active substance Ketorol-ketorolac, and the concentration of the drug in the plasma is increased
Pharmaceutically compatible Ketorol with injectableDextrose solutions( 5% solution), Ringer's solution of
, Ringer-lactate, Plasma-Lit, Aminophylline, Lidocaine, Hydrochloride, Dopamine
4 Side effects of
During the drug overdose, there may be various side effects. With proper and dosed admission, according to the instructions and recommendations of the attending physician, there are no side effects.
Severe reactions of the body can be observed from the side of the digestive system. This is manifested in elderly people who suffer from ulcerative erosive lesions of the stomach and intestines. They may develop diarrhea, gastritis, flatulence, stomatitis, gag reflex, rarely bleeding, spasm and abdominal pain as a result of taking a super-necessary dose of medicine. Heavy form can become jaundice, hepatitis, acute form of pancreatitis.
In the genitourinary system, abnormalities such as acute form of kidney failure, lumbar pain, frequent urination, nephritis, swelling can be observed.
In addition, the auditory perception may decrease, tinnitus may appear, eyesight may drop.
In case of abnormalities in the respiratory system, spasm of the bronchi, throat swelling, runny nose, and shortness of breath are possible.
In case of violations of the central nervous system, drowsiness, dizziness, pain in the head, convulsions, hallucinations, psychoemotional agitation may occur. Also, a cardiovascular system may malfunction, blood pressure may rise.
Violation of the hemostasis system is able to demonstrate nasal and wound bleeding. On the skin can appear an allergic rash, itching, a change in complexion. With the injection, burning and pain.
The elimination of adverse events should only be trusted by qualified physicians.