In medicine, neoplasms are usually divided into 2 types: benign and malignant. Unfortunately, malignant tumors are much larger than benign polyps. Of the total number of tumors, this is approximately 30-40%.Often, the gastrointestinal tract is affected by the formation of polyps of 3 organs - the stomach, intestines and rectum. It is in these places that the most conducive to the development of neoplasms is the environment.
Benign entities in the stomach are divided into epithelial and non-epithelial. The epithelial ones include polyps: adenomatous, hyperplastic, as well as diffuse polyposis. They occur, both in the singular and in the plural.
Polyps are small benign tumors that protrude into the lumen of the stomach. The base can be thin and thick, the shape is spherical or oval, the surface is smooth or with irregularities; in density, they are soft or dense and coarse.
Adenomatous polyps are the most real benign tumors. These are polyps of glandular epithelium, consisting of papillary and tubular structures. At the same time, their cells with a high degree of dysplasia and metaplasia. Their danger happens only at the level of malignancy. Only at this moment they can develop into a cancer of the stomach.
Hyperplastic polyps are tumors formed as a result of focal hyperplasia of the epithelium found on the cover. Of all epithelial formations of this type, up to 75% are benign. The risk of their degeneration into a malignant form is very small - only 3%.
Why does a benign tumor develop?
Why it was this or that person that had all this happened, it is very difficult to say. After all, we do not order a disease in advance. It is clear only that chronic diseases, in particular chronic gastritis, serve as the causes of the appearance of outgrowths. It is he who plays a significant role in the development of adenoma( adenomatous polyp).They can also occur on the basis of atrophic gastritis, when the glands and mucous cover are restructuring.
Hyperplastic formations appear as a result of a violation of renewal and an increase in the life of cells. Also the push can be the excessive regeneration of the integumentary-pit epithelium.
In general, even reduced secretion in the stomach can trigger such an appearance of neoplasms. In areas where there is no abundance of hydrochloric acid, their origin may occur.
Clinical symptoms of benign polyps
Clinical symptoms are negligible or nonexistent. If it is associated with the stomach, then it's a matter of chance. When diagnosing a chronic disease, one can also detect a tumor.
Pain and bleeding occurs only when these tumors begin to progress, block out light and at the same time cause irritation of the mucosa. Common symptoms are: pallor, weakness, lack of appetite, weight loss, indigestion. If at the onset of dyspepsia looks at the blood in vomit masses or when stool is necessary urgently consult with an expert.
Benign polyps in the intestine and rectum
The intestine is no exception and polyps, both benign and malignant, are also very common here. Their presence in the intestines is often associated with predisposition( heredity) or the intake of a large number of carcinogens. Also, age can play a role, especially after stepping over to the age of 50 years, it is necessary to undergo a constant annual survey for self-preservation. The sooner they are detected, the faster it becomes possible to prevent the growth from a benign polyp into a malignant tumor. If the person himself does not think about himself, then no one will think about him. The development of polyps is divided into stages, from which the symptoms will depend. At the initial stage, 1-2 neoplasms are observed no more than 2 mm. Their symptoms are absent, since they have nothing to harm the body and can be detected only by medical means. The more education becomes, the more they become injured and make themselves felt. Expanding into the intestines, they block the passage of feces, and, hence, constipation and bleeding are provided. It is very easy to confuse such symptoms with hemorrhoids, so it is better to go through the examination right away.
In the rectum, it is also possible to detect a benign polyp. They represent a drooping tumor neoplasm, prostrate through all the walls of the rectum into the lumen. The main symptoms by which one can understand the presence of such education are: constipation, a feeling of discomfort, constant urges and mucus secretion. Not malignant formations also have to be treated. Choose a method of excision or clipping with the sheathing of the base of hemostasis.