Antibiotics are prescribed not only for infections. There are special anti-tumor antibiotics, which are actively used in the treatment of oncopathologies. Daunorubicin belongs to such preparations.
Form release, composition and packaging
The main substance of the drug is daunorubicin( or rubomycin) hydrochloride. The auxiliary component is mannitol.
Drug is produced in the form of lyophilizate, from which an intravenous infusion solution is subsequently prepared.
Externally the drug looks like a reddish-orange hygroscopic porous mass.
Manufacturer
A drug manufactured in Russia, manufactured by LancePharm( a subsidiary of Veropharm.)
Indications for use
Daunorubicin is prescribed for therapy of oncopathologies such as:
- Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma;
- Acute lymphoblastic or non-lymphoblastic leukemia;
- Neuroblastoma;
- Chronic myeloid leukemiacrisis)
- Uterine chorio cardioversion
Contraindications
The drug is prescribed provided that the patient has no contraindications to histhe applications to which include:
- Pregnancy;
- Lactation period;
- Decompensated cardiac pathology
- Severe bone marrow suppression
- Hypersensitivity or intolerance to the drug or its components
- Presence of abnormalities in renal or hepatic activity
- If chemotherapy was short-livedpreparations from the group of anthracyclines or anthracendones.
With extreme caution, the drug is prescribed for patients who have infectious-viral diseases of the herpes zoster or chickenpox, fungal or bacterial infections, with urate urolythiasis or gout, as well as children and elderly patients.
Pharmacological action
The drug belongs to the category of antitumor antibiotics of a number of anthracyclines, it is regarded as a means of "red" chemotherapy.
The drug blocks the DNA matrix function, which leads to damage to the processes of protein and nucleic acid synthesis.
After the introduction of the drug, half an hour later, it spreads through the tissues of the lungs and spleen, kidneys and myocardium. Penetration through the blood-brain barrier is absent. It is excreted mainly with bile and kidneys.
Instructions for use Daunorubicin
The drug is intended for intravenous infusion. Dosage is selected individually.
If the patient has previously received radiation treatment in the chest zone, the maximum dose is reduced to 450 mg / m2.If shortly before onokopatsientent received therapy with Doxorubicin, then the total dose of both drugs should not be above 550 mg / m2.
To prepare the solution, the lyophilized mixture is dissolved by injection water. The resulting solution is injected for 2-3 minutes into the infusion tube, through which a rapid intravenous injection of an injectable solution of sodium chloride or a solution of glucose is carried out.
Side effects of
The drug may cause side effects:
- Nausea-vomiting syndrome, diarrhea and anorexia, stomatitis and ulcerative esophagitis;
- Azoospermia and amenorrhea;
- Phlebitis and painful sensations in the area where the injection was conducted, necrosis of adjacent tissues and inflammation of the cellulose;
- Leukopenia or thrombocytopenia, anemia or neutropenia, but with the withdrawal of the drug, gradual recovery occurs;
- Congestive myocardial insufficiency, rarely - pericarditis and myocarditis;
- Cystitis and difficulty with urination, hematuria;
- Allergic reactions, secondary infections, febrile conditions and headaches, alopecia or hyperpigmentation.
Overdose of
When the recommended dosage is exceeded, the above side effects increase. Antidote is not found. Treatment for an overdose is symptomatic.
Special instructions
The course of treatment should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist qualified for antitumor therapy.
In the process of treatment, it is necessary to monitor the activity of the liver and kidney structures, the work of the heart and the picture of blood.
After several months and even years after Daunorubicin therapy, chronic myocardial insufficiency or a violation of its contractility, as well as other cardiotoxic effects, may appear.
This is why long-term monitoring of the vascular and heart condition is necessary.
If signs of pain or burning occur, then stop the injection, and put the remaining solution into the vein on the other hand. If erythematous strips along the veins appeared during the introduction, this indicates an overly rapid infusion of the drug.
Because of high gastrointestinal bleeding, do not take daunorubicin together with aspirin or alcohol.
If there are erythematous bands along the veins or a rush of blood to the face, these signs indicate an overly rapid administration of the drug.
During treatment it is necessary to monitor the level of creatinine and uric acid. To avoid hyperuricemia, it is recommended to adhere to an abundant drinking regimen.
If during the treatment the patient lives an active sexual life, then it is necessary to observe contraceptive measures of protection from pregnancy. In addition, for the duration of the course of treatment with danourobitin, vaccination with viral preparations should be discarded.
Drug Interaction
The drug may be combined with Cyclophosphamide and Vincristine, Prednisolone and Methotrexate, 6-Mercaptopurine or L-asparaginase.
When combined with radiation therapy or myelotoxic drugs, a high probability of oppression of bone marrow activity.
If daunorubicin is used in patients who have recently been treated with doxorubicin, the risk of cardiotoxicity is significantly increased. Therefore, a dose adjustment is necessary. A similar reaction occurs when radiotherapy is simultaneously performed or when cyclophosphamide is administered.
Combination with uricosuric medicines of antipodal action increases the likelihood of nephropathic processes.
Combining the administration of Daunorubicin with vaccination with live viral preparations, the risk of viral spread and the maximum severity of the likely adverse reactions are great, with the combined administration of inactivated vaccines, the production of antiviral antibodies is significantly reduced.
Reviews
Maria:
Assigned Daunorubomycin to his father in a complex with Vincristine. There were a lot of pills, it was not even clear from which particular drug, but the positive dynamics lasted about a year and a half, then even resistances developed to these drugs.
Oleg:
I heard a lot about this drug, doctors praise that domestic, inexpensive, but effective. To find it on sale did not work, so they pricked up more expensive antitumor antibiotics. It turns out that good Russian drugs do not reach us. And it is a pity, in the fight against cancer, a lot of financial resources are spent, if it were available treatment with their cheaper drugs, it would make life easier for a lot of cancer patients.
Price Daunorubicin
The drug is difficult to find even in Moscow, but its average cost is about 105-198 rubles per 1 flacon, i.e., one injection.
Analogues of
Similar to Daunorubicin, the drugs have Rubomycin, Rubomycin hydrochloride, Cerubidine,
Synonyms
A similar active substance is present in the preparations Rubomycin and Rubomycin hydrochloride.
Disposal conditions from pharmacies
When you are on holiday, you need a prescription.
Storage Conditions and Shelf Life
Storage should be carried out at a temperature of no more than 25 ° C for a maximum of three years.