A peptic ulcer can develop as a complication. Penetration of the ulcer is one of the variants of the consequences of the ulcerative process.
Description of the disease
Violation of the integrity of the wall of the duodenum or stomach opens the beginning of ulcer formation. If the ulcer continues to go deeper and grasps the increasingly new layers of the organ wall, then in the future, the continuation of the situation may be:
- perforation is the opening of an ulcer into the cavity of
- or penetration - opening of the ulcer into a nearby organ.
The ulcer in the main organ develops inside the wall due to the accompanying phenomenon of the inflammatory process. When the ulcer becomes through, the inflammatory process is projected onto the wall of the adjoining organ at the site of the ulcer exit outside the tissues of the main organ.
Usually the development of such a mechanism is the emergence of an ulcer into another organ, possibly with a small area of the ulcer of the main organ. If the diameter of the ulcer is more than 1.5 cm, the amount of gastric juice leaving it does not contribute to the gradual creation of an ulcer of the neighboring organ. In this case, the ulcer is perforated, which is often accompanied by shock.
Gastric ulcer can penetrate:
- into the small omentum of
- or into the pancreas.
Duodenal ulcer can penetrate into such organs:
- large intestine,
- pancreas,
- liver,
- bile duct.
Causes of
The possibility of developing an ulcerative process in the main organ in the direction of transferring the problem to an adjacent organ appears as a result of the influence of such factors:
- The presence of an ulcer in the duodenum or in the wall of the stomach.
- The area of the ulcer is small - a diameter within 1.5 cm.
- The organism of the patient has a tendency to adhesions.
Stages of
The appearance of penetrating ulcer passes through three stages:
- The ulcer is in the duodenum or stomach and resides in a period of propagation into the body wall.
- Between the organ with the ulcer and the neighboring organ there is fixation of their mutual proximity through the adhesive process.
- The spread of the inflammatory process to the projection of a future ulcer on the body of an adjacent organ with the development of the ulcer in its wall.
Symptoms of penetration of gastric and duodenal ulcers
When the ulcer is released into another adjacent organ, the following symptoms appear:
- there are some painful symptoms, characteristic for the case in which the organ goes ulcerative process:
- ulcer penetrates into the small omentum - there is an irradiation of pain in the clavicle or in the right shoulder;
- in the pancreas - often there is pain in the back, can be felt in the lower back: give to one side or be girdled;
- into the area of the colon - the irradiation of painful symptoms occurs in the navel zone;
- with the penetration of ulcers located in the upper stomach, pain can be projected to the heart area;
- organs where the ulcer penetrates are signaled by the appearance of symptoms characteristic of their lesions:
- with the penetration of ulcers into the liver, the symptoms of acute hepatitis appear,
- is the same in the intestine - signs of colitis or duodenitis,
- is the same in the bile ducts - symptoms of acute cholangitis,
- the same in the pancreas - signs of acute pancreatitis;
- general symptoms appear:
- pain, which previously appeared in the epigastric region due to food intake or had its daily rhythm, changed character and became constant and strong in intensity;
- there is a temperature increase with no apparent cause,
- abdominal muscles are in tension,
- changes the analysis of peripheral blood - indicates the presence of an inflammatory process.
Diagnosis
The disease manifests itself not very clearly, the symptoms are similar to many other diseases, so the diagnosis is complex.
Compulsory diagnostic activities include the following:
- The specialist prepares an anamnesis of the patient based on his complaints and observations.
- The clinical manifestations of the disease are examined, information is analyzed on which zones the pain radiates.
- The examination includes giving patients clinical analysis.
- A fluoroscopy of the stomach is performed.
- An obligatory measure to establish an accurate diagnosis is the conduct of fibrogastroscopy.
Treatment of gastric ulcer penetration
Ulcers, whose condition is within the first and second stages, are subject to conservative treatment. The course is conducted in a hospital.
Patients are prescribed:
- drugs, normalizing gastric motility;
- antacids,
- diet, aimed at the disappearance of provocations for ulcerative processes,
- in some cases recommended the drugs of regenerative action.
Due to the fact that the penetrative ulcer poses a danger to human health, the results of treatment are monitored with the help of X-ray equipment.
These types of operations are applied:
- vagotomy,
- resection,
- draining operation.
Forecast
In the early stages of the disease the body can be maintained within normal limits with timely treatment and diet compliance. At later stages, surgery and careful attention to one's health are required to prevent complications.
Adverse effects include:
- perforation of the ulcer,
- cancer,
- stenosis.
With the timely treatment of 99 patients out of 100 are cured and lead a normal lifestyle.
If you do not seek medical help or allow the development of complications, then the forecast is unfavorable.