The intestinal form of Giardiasis has different symptoms, but more often it manifests itself in the form of dyspeptic disorders. The patient may complain of nausea, vomiting and unstable stools. The tongue is always covered with a yellow coating. An unpleasant smell emanates from the mouth of the infected person. Why is this happening? What causes similar manifestations of giardiasis? The answer is contained in the description of pathological processes occurring in the human body when infected with simple flagellar microorganisms.
What is nausea? This is the response of the human body to increased excitation of neurons in the area of the vomiting center. It occurs when a powerful attack of toxins takes place on the receptors of the gastrointestinal tract. Where do they come from? There are several reasons. Their identification helps to form a complex of treatment.
- Parasitizing, lamblia is introduced into the depth of the intestinal tissue, attaching itself to villi of the mucous layer. Breeding in huge quantities, they are attached and detached from the intestine walls during their lifetime, this process causes mechanical irritation, which negatively affects the nerve endings of the hollow organ. Such a phenomenon also gives rise to pathological reactions on the part of digestion, such as strong sustained nausea.
- Giardia actively share, multiply, die. The products of vital activity and the disintegration of microscopic microorganisms contribute to the production of a huge amount of toxins. Giardiasis almost always causes a dysbiosis. The increase in the number of aerobic microflora is another reason for the appearance of nausea.
Because nausea in giardiasis in an adult patient and in a child is a consequence of the development of intestinal infection and poisoning with toxins, it is invariably accompanied by general weakness, persistent headaches, and pain that appears in the abdomen in the navel area. Sometimes the temperature rises in the patients( 37-39 degrees).Later on, such manifestations will be joined by diarrhea. That is why the treatment of the symptom complex is complex. Nausea with giardiasis almost always causes vomiting. Why is this happening?
Vomiting in giardiasis
When parasitizing lamblia in the duodenal mucosa, subatrophic and total-atrophic changes begin. Damage to the brush border of the villi provokes malabsorption syndrome, which leads to disruption of the processes of parietal digestion. The human body receives less fat and vitamins, disaccharides, with time, the production of enzymes of intestinal secretion decreases. As a result - a violation of binding of bile acids, the emergence of toxic metabolite. They produce irritation of the receptors of the gastrointestinal tract. Irritation sends impulses to the medulla oblongata, where the vomiting center is located. That is why it becomes possible to throw the contents of the stomach and duodenum back into the mouth. Vomiting with giardiasis is accompanied by rapid or rapid breathing.
If a child has mild nausea or vomiting, if after a few days these symptoms go away without treatment - this is the reason to suspect infection with lambliasis. Such manifestations are true signs of an acute phase of parasitism. It lasts five to six days, and then the carrier passes into a chronic form, which does not manifest itself for the time being( nobody really complains of vomiting during this period).
Chronic lambliasis in both the child and the adult is wavy, dyspeptic disorders, such as nausea and vomiting, headaches and general weakness, occur periodically, several times a year. For the rest of the time, the main hint of carriage is an unstable stool( alternating constipation and diarrhea).Consistency of feces( yellow color and mucus) is a characteristic symptom of chronic giardiasis. The reason for its appearance is as follows.
Stool for giardiasis - constipation, diarrhea( diarrhea), blood and mucus in the stool
The process of parasitizing lamblia produces many pathological changes in the duodenum. The simplest microorganisms mechanically irritate the mucous, which is why the food stops being properly digested, it stagnates in the small intestine, decays, which gives rise to the active multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms and yeast cells. In the lumen of the intestine, a large number of products of the life-activity of lamblia and their decay accumulate over time, but there is no blood in it. The final result is the breakdown of the most important function of the small intestine-the management of the entire gastrointestinal tract. Violation of the rhythm of work leads to a violation of the motor-evacuation function. That's why the patient may have constipation with giardiasis. Cal at the same unpleasant smell, but there are no impurities of blood in it.
Constipation with giardiasis is often replaced by diarrhea. This phenomenon occurs in the most neglected stages of infection, when flagellar microorganisms lead to the formation of persistent dysbiosis, inflammation of the small intestine, which constantly seizes new areas, descending to the sections of the large intestine. During giardiasis, a chair with diarrhea is similar to a liquid porridge, it has a golden yellow color, mucus may be present in the stool, but there should be no blood in the feces.
Both constipation and diarrhea can provoke a general intoxication of the body. In this case, along with the stool, the body leaves a large number of toxins. And this is good for the sick person. But the presence of a liquid stool can worsen the general condition of a sick child and an adult. And all because with the feces comes the liquid. Lack of it leads to dehydration, which is why at the first sign of diarrhea it is important to strengthen the drinking regime. Alternating diarrhea without blood and constipation is a symptom that should make a person seek medical help. Consistency of feces can indicate the cause of malaise.
Why is lambliasis covered with tongue and smell from the mouth?
An experienced physician already at the examination will be able to identify a number of characteristic symptoms that will prompt him for the correctness of the diagnosis. With giardiasis, a yellowish plaque is found in the patient's tongue( it can be clearly seen in the photo), an unpleasant odor( halitosis) comes from the mouth. The lagging of the tongue together with pancreatic symptoms and signs of moderate liver enlargement are the true signs of the carriage of the simplest flagellum microorganisms, the development of a chronic form of lambliasis in the biliary and hepatic ducts.