This disease is characterized by the development in the stomach of a malignant tumor with distinct boundaries. The disease belongs to the intestinal type. Exophytic cancer affects a certain area of the body and leads to the appearance of a tumor in the form of a plaque, polyp, saucer or dense knot. The tumor gradually expands into the lumen of the stomach and replaces healthy cells and normal tissues with cancer cells. The spread of the disease in the body usually does not exceed a distance of 2-3 cm from malignant formation.
In the risk group are, first of all, men and elderly people of both sexes. The prognosis of getting rid of the exophyte neoplasm and the further life of the patient is relatively favorable. The disease is well diagnosed in the early stages using X-rays, endoscopy and laboratory tests. Exocytotic cancer is characterized by tight adherence of cells to each other, so it is characterized by slow development and insignificant ability to develop metostases. Modern medicine resorts to surgical removal of the tumor, otherwise the disease can cover the entire surface of the organ. In the presence of contraindications or serious development of exophytic cancer, radiotherapy sessions are used.
The main manifestation of exophytic cancer is a violation of the motor ability of the stomach. The patient feels the heaviness and fullness in the stomach, complains of a burp with an unpleasant smell and regurgitation of food fragments. With the active course of the inflammatory process or the disintegration of the tumor, fever accompanied by high fever, the appearance of severe pain syndrome, severe anemia are added to the listed signs. With the growth of a tumor in the tissues of surrounding organs, for example, the pancreas, pain often occurs in the lower back.
Endofitny stomach cancer
With this form of the disease, the new growth sprouts directly into the depth of the walls of the organ and looks like a stomach ulcer. It has the name of saucer-like cancer, as well as canker-cancer. The tumor has no clear outlines and does not protrude into the lumen of the stomach. Cancer cells spread, above all, through the submucous layer of the stomach, saturated with lymphatic vessels. The folding of the mucous organ is characteristic.
When conducting microscopic studies, malignant cells can be detected at 5-7 cm from the intended site of the tumor. It is not uncommon for cases when a composite species of distribution with exophytic and endophytic manifestations can take place. In this case, the development of the disease determines the endophytic element, as the most malignant.
The disease is observed mainly in women and in both sexes at a young age. Patients most often do not have precancerous conditions. The prognosis of the development of the disease is negative. There is rapid growth and a tendency to active metastasis. First, the lymph nodes of the ligaments of the stomach are affected, and then the retroperitoneal ones. Metastases can be observed in the navel, in the ovaries, lungs, adrenals, bones.
Endophytic tumors are difficult to diagnose and are often identified at later stages of the development of the disease. The most effective methods are radiotherapy, as well as ultrasound and laparoscopy. The relief of the mucous membrane of the organ is studied. The main symptom is persistent and short-term pain in the rib and stomach area, as well as vomiting and dizziness, especially after eating. Possible excessive fatigue, decreased appetite, pallor of the skin. The main method of treatment - surgery with the removal of part or all of the stomach, and with the defeat of neighboring organs it is possible to conduct surgical manipulations and above them, including.