Superficial gastroduodenitis is one of the least severe forms of inflammatory processes in the pyloric department of the stomach and fibreboard. Inflammation affects only the mucous membrane. Timely treatment will help not only to eliminate symptoms, but also to return a person to a full-fledged lifestyle.
There are two forms of superficial gastroduodenitis. When focal, certain sections of the mucosa are affected. In the absence of treatment, the inflammatory process seizes new epithelial tissues, causing more severe symptoms.
The diffuse form affects only the upper layers of the intestinal epithelium and part of the duodenum. Such an ailment has a less pronounced course, it is quite simply docked with the help of medications.
Reasons for
The main reasons are a violation of the rules of healthy eating and an unbalanced menu. The disease does not appear immediately. First, gastritis is detected, which gradually passes into a chronic course in the absence of treatment.
Experts note the relationship between the development of the disease and stress. Therefore, doctors suggest that often the first manifestations are found during a period of depression or severe stress.
Surface gastroduodenitis occurs due to:
- long-term antibiotic intake,
- predisposition to allergic reactions,
- the presence of bad habits,
- poisoning by toxins or poisons,
- hunger diet.
Symptoms of superficial gastroduodenitis
The disease becomes a cause of discomfort only during an exacerbation. At the stage of remission, they remain invisible.
The main sign by which you can determine the development of ailment is abdominal pain.
With a superficial form, it is mildly expressed, appears before eating."Hungry" pain can occur in the morning before breakfast or 2-3 hours after eating.
Night pains occur with increased acidity or with predominant duodenal involvement. Additionally may appear:
- nausea and heartburn,
- flatulence,
- constipation or diarrhea,
- decreased appetite,
- feeling of fullness of the stomach,
- an unpleasant aftertaste in the mouth.
The main sources of problems associated with the work of the stomach and with the development of pain are dyskinesia PDK and duodenogastric reflux. At them there is a throw of bile in a stomach, change of acidity.
The inflammatory process leads to a disturbance in the metabolism of vitamins. First signs of hypovitaminosis does not appear, but after a while symptoms of deficiency of vitamins A, C, group B develop.
Diagnosis of the disease
All diagnostic measures are prescribed by the gastroenterologist. He collects an anamnesis, studies the medical history, conducts an examination. After this, the following are assigned:
- blood and urine test,
- fecal occult blood test,
- method for determination of bacteria by ELISA.
After this the gastroenterologist sends for consultation to the endoscopist. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with endoscopic biopsy is performed.
This is a procedure for visual examination of the upper sections of the gastrointestinal tract using a flexible optical probe. It is carried out on an empty stomach using anesthesia, in rare cases, under anesthesia.
As additional techniques used:
- Intraventricular pH-metry. This is an electrometric technique that allows you to determine the acidity of the stomach environment.
- Antroduodenal manometry. Study of peristalsis of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Treatment of superficial gastroduodenitis
Complex treatment includes the use of medicines, diet therapy, adherence to the rules of a healthy lifestyle. Drugs are taken to reduce the acidity of gastric juice. It irritates the mucous, leads to its inflammation.
Assigned Almagel, Fosfalugel, Gastal, Maalox.
Additionally,
- proton pump inhibitors,
- prokinetics,
- sedatives are prescribed for treatment.
Depending on the condition, the patient prescribes exercise therapy or treatment in a sanatorium. During treatment, the patient should receive a full meal, sparing the mucous membrane of the stomach. It is recommended to eat 2 hours before bedtime. Do not starve or overeat.
Diet
During the exacerbation it is recommended to adhere to a rigid diet( Table No. 1).It implies an increase in the number of animal proteins consumed. The amount of carbohydrates should be reduced by 1.5 times.
If in the process of diagnosis an increased release of hydrochloric acid is detected, the bakery, fatty, acidic foods, juices, coarse fiber, spices, coffee are completely removed from the diet.
If acidity is lowered, carbonated water, sweets or mucous soups are prohibited. When the state of the menu is normalized, it is recommended to expand gradually. In addition, you can take decoctions of herbs: cumin, flax, dog rose, chamomile and dill. They have a positive effect on the gastric mucosa, reduce inflammation.
Complications
The surface form is one of the most non-hazardous. In the absence of treatment, it can go into a chronic form, cause a more serious gastroduodenitis, or become a cause of peptic ulcer.
More common complications are found in people after 40 years. To prevent the progression of the disease, to reduce the risk of complications, treatment should be performed under the supervision of the gastroenterologist.
Prognosis and prophylaxis
Prognosis for superficial gastroduodenitis is favorable if the doctor's recommendations are followed. If a person does not fulfill the appointment, the disease can first develop into a chronic form, and then into a peptic ulcer.