How is the disease of angiopathy of the cerebral vessels

1 Cerebral pathology

One of the fundamental conditions for normal brain activity is sufficient blood supply. Three levels of blood vessels can provide it:

1. Superficial cerebral arteries responsible for the blood supply to individual parts of the brain.
2. Trunk head arteries - carotid and vertebral.
3. Capillaries, which are responsible for metabolic and microcirculatory processes - oxygen and nutrient metabolism.

A large number of diseases can lead to an oxygen deficiency, that is, hypoxia of the brain. Hypertensive disease and atherosclerosis are fundamental, diabetes mellitus, blood, heart and venous diseases, hypotonic pathology and cerebral amyloidosis are secondary.

Cerebral angiopathy is formed due to the destruction of small vessels. The listed diseases can lead to a chronic form of oxygen and glucose fasting of the brain. This condition begins to affect the small arteries of the brain. A person suffers from cerebral insufficiency, expressed in the appearance of migraine and dizziness, the gait becomes shaky. When the disease progresses, large vessels begin to be affected. As an outcome of the disease is a stroke.

With angiopathy of cerebral vessels, a person has short-term memory, the patient suffers from cephalalgia, dizziness and noise in the head, becomes very irritable. Along with this, there may be insomnia and fainting.

It should be noted that the treatment is predominantly psychotherapeutic. It requires a healthy lifestyle. If there is persistent angiopathy, then it will be necessary to prescribe medications.

2 Occurring changes

Thus, angiopathy can be divided into several possible types:

1. Microangiopathy - the lesion is directed to vessels of small caliber. These include arterioles, venules and capillaries. Mostly manifests itself in the form of diseases of the eyes and kidneys.
2. Macroangiopathy - the lesion is directed to large and medium vessels. As evidence, strokes, infarctions and gangrene of the lower extremities can act. Such a disease is more dangerous and has a severe course. The disease was called a vascular accident. The prognosis is very unfavorable, often resulting in the need for emergency hospitalization.

In the case of angiopathy of the brain, the following pathological changes begin to occur:

1. Atherosclerotic plaques are formed that have different structure and magnitude with subsequent changes in them.
2. The arterial lumen narrows and closes.
3. Develops atherostenosis.
4. There is atheroembolism.
5. Structural changes in cerebral vessels are initiated under the influence of increased reduced blood flow.

3 Mechanism of the onset of

The external factors can affect the vascular walls. This includes increasing blood sugar( hyperglycemia), the effect of harmful fats( lipoproteins having a low density), increased blood pressure, harmfulness from heavy industry enterprises, nicotine and alcohol products, medicines, toxic substances that are formed as a result of diseases. An important condition holds: negative impact should last at least 5 years.

The adverse effect of the vascular wall begins to respond with a reaction in the form of an increase in tonic tension, thus signaling problems in the body. If the pressure is too long, it will lead to starvation of the veins.

The latter will entail reorganization of the walls of the vessels. A connective tissue that lacks strength and functionality begins to form. Over time, it begins to stretch, forming protrusions - an aneurysm. This kind of formation will be broken at the slightest stress, which forms a hemorrhage, manifested as bruises, heart attack and stroke.

In the pathologically altered wall there are no nerve endings, the innervation begins to be disturbed, which causes vascular paresis.

Confirmation of the diagnosis of angiopathy of the brain means that the brain functionality is subject to large disturbances, which complicates the course of the disease. Thus, a vicious circle will be formed. It is worth remembering that if you start angiopathy, it will lead to vascular rupture and hemorrhage in the brain.