Endocrine( intrasecretory) function of the pancreas consists in the production of hormones: insulin, lipocaine, glucagon.
All hormones are produced by the islets of Langerhans. They are the endocrine part of the pancreas. Disturbances in their work can lead to a number of diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and glycopolicemic disease.
The main symptoms of endocrine pancreatic insufficiency are thirst, increased appetite( and as a result, a significant weight gain), frequent urination, increased sweating, and the presence of sugar in the urine.
The main method of treating intracerebral insufficiency is a diet for patients with diabetes mellitus. If this method is ineffective, insulin therapy is prescribed.
Exogenous pancreatic insufficiency
The exogenous( exocrine) function of the pancreas is the production of enzymes involved in the digestion of food.
The causes of exogenous insufficiency are divided into hereditary, congenital and acquired. The development of exogenous insufficiency can lead to infection, dysbacteriosis, long-term use of certain medicines, alcoholism, pancreatic injury. The most typical symptoms are:
- a plentiful, mildew stench with pieces of undigested food;
- aversion to fatty foods;
- nausea, vomiting;
- lack of appetite and weight loss of the patient;
- colic, bloating, increased gas formation;
- pallor, heart palpitations, apathy, decreased efficiency.
Laboratory tests of blood, urine and feces, ultrasound, computed tomography, as well as various functional tests are carried out for the detection of enzymatic insufficiency.
When diagnosing exogenous pancreatic insufficiency, treatment consists in the appointment of substitution therapy and correction of diet and diet. Duration and dosage of reception of digestive enzymes is appointed individually depending on the age and weight of the patient, as well as the symptoms of the disease. The main recommendations regarding the organization of dietary nutrition are fractionality and periodicity. Categorically prohibited the consumption of fatty, smoked, spicy, fried foods and alcohol. Food intake is limited in the evening and at night.