In the medical community it is considered that dysbacteriosis in adults is a violation of the balance of normal and harmful state of the intestinal microflora towards the latter. In fact, the importance of dysbiosis is a violation of the activity of intestinal bacteria, manifested in failures in all parts of the gastrointestinal tract, the appearance of allergies, and can affect the condition of the skin, general health, the level of resistance to bowel diseases. It is worth noting that in women dysbiosis can act as a cause of gynecological diseases.
Useful bacteria produce a large number of biologically active substances that contribute to the process of digestion of food, which serve as a source of energy, regulate the absorption of nutrients, and also participate in the support of water-salt balance, counteracting the onset of the formation of malignant tumors. Many mistakenly believe that dysbiosis is only a disease of the intestines in adults. Bacteria are found in other parts of the body: skin, mouth, genital tract in women. Therefore, supporting them in a normal state of balance is so important, and if changes begin, it will lead to violations in the entire body. So what does the intestinal dysbacteriosis mean? What syndromes does he have? And what does the tactic of treating the infected bowel look like?
Causes of the emergence of
dysbacteriosis In healthy intestines, useful bacteria maintain approximately the same number. Due to this they can fight with harmful microorganisms, by occupying space, and without providing pathogenic agents for colonization of the intestinal lumen. However, if for some reason the intestinal microflora begins to die, its place is occupied by pathogenic bacteria.
Many factors can serve as reasons for this situation. Very frequent is the development of dysbiosis and IBS in adults, after the transfer of intestinal infection. In this case, not only bacteria but microorganisms come to the digestive tract, which are not present in the normal state. They with great speed and aggression with dysbiosis begin to multiply, release toxins, and as a consequence, intoxication occurs during illness.
To the dysbacteriosis can lead and the use of antibacterial agents, thanks to which specialists do not recommend the independent appointment of such medications. The specialist will be able to determine the sensitivity of the state of the intestinal microflora, and the amount of benefit from taking antibiotics, so as not to cause dysbiosis. The course of antibacterial drugs should last as long as it is prescribed by a specialist.
Exposed to the appearance of gastrointestinal dysbiosis and people who suffer from chronic inflammatory diseases in any of its departments. What does this mean? This is explained very simply: the inflammatory process in the intestine is caused by pathogenic microorganisms - they need to be treated with antibiotics, however, their own microflora also dies - the patient can no longer fight the harmful bacteria with his own resources - the pathogenic microflora is given the opportunity to defeat the unprotected intestine.
It should be noted that dysbacteriosis in infants appears quite often. It would seem that the pathological processes can take place in the intestine, if the child is given everything sterile, and he eats one breast milk or a specialized mixture? This is simply explained: the intestines of infants are very vulnerable, since its activities are not yet coordinated. Pathogenic microflora can be in the air or on the skin of the parents. If adults can cope with the problem themselves, then children are more prone to the occurrence of such a disease.
An important reason for the development of dysbiosis, even in adults with excellent health, is the misconduct of lifestyle. This includes unbalanced consumption of foods, fast food, irregular meals, snacks "on the run," frequent overeating, compliance with various newfangled diets, regular use of alcohol - all this can be detrimental to the intestinal microflora. In a group of people at risk of dysbacteriosis, people who prefer to eat a large number of sharp, fried or over-salted dishes. In adults who do not like and do not use sour-milk products, it is also possible to develop dysbiosis and IBS.
Undoubtedly, this disease can be affected by various factors, the significance of which is the weakening of immunity: a bad state of the environment, constant stress, acute type of viral diseases, a sharp change in climate and diet, any immunodeficiency condition.
Symptoms of the dysbiosis
It happens that even severe violations of the intestinal microflora do not make us think that because of a malaise, dysbiosis and IBS may occur. Along with this, many patients at the first appeal to a specialist later resent that with an acne, an itch and an allergic reaction, the doctor prescribed a stool analysis. What does this direction mean? Dysbacteriosis is a common cause for the appearance of allergies. In the case of massive multiplication of harmful bacteria, the intestine struggles with them. However, if the usual mechanism of intestinal control is to protect the normal state of microflora, and he can not figure out on his own, then connect and the immune system. Unfortunately, she can not always correctly identify the cause of the symptoms. Along with this, in the emergence of pathology in adults, the appearance of allergic symptoms is characteristic, which are expressed in various manifestations: rash, itching and the like.
Along with this it is worth noting that the first symptoms of the dysbacteriosis syndrome will appear in the affected organ - the intestine. What are the symptoms like? So, there will be a long diarrhea, sometimes replaced by constipation, the consistency, color and odor of the stool will change - slime, lumps, foam, blood veins, a greenish hue with a sharp putrefactive smell will appear. Periodically, with the disease will appear pain syndrome, nausea, lack of appetite, especially in the morning, rumbling in the abdomen and the manifestation of flatulence, feelings of heaviness. All the symptoms that occur simultaneously or separately, are evidence of a violation of the intestinal microflora.
Another thing worth paying attention to bad breath. Not in every case, this is evidence of the presence of oral diseases. As the dentists say, with a normal state of the teeth, you should pay attention to the condition of the digestive tract. Women who suffer from the frequent occurrence of thrush, it is worthwhile to carry out a controlled and complex treatment, as the bacterial balance of the genital tract has a close relationship with the intestine.
Diagnosis of dysbiosis
Analyzes for testing the presence of dysbacteriosis syndrome are prescribed by a physician of any specialization. However, a more appropriate solution would be an appeal to the gastroenterologist, since GIT diseases are in his competence. Mostly, a coprogram will be assigned, that is, the delivery of stool for a general analysis, as well as bacterial inoculation.
What is a coprogram? When coping the disease in adults, in the case of an imbalance of the microflora, various changes in the normal state of the consistency and the composition of the stool will be described, and many leukocytes and epithelial cells will be found.
What does bacterial culture mean in case of suspected dysbacteriosis? With the help of sowing stool for the presence of dysbiosis, we can determine the growth of abnormal bacteria and fungi for the cavity of the healthy intestine. These include small cocci, small and large rods, enterococci, staphylococci and streptococci, as well as clostridia, candida and other bacteria in the intestinal cavity. To deliver such an analysis in adults, the fecal mass should be collected in the morning immediately after sleep, and be referred to the laboratory as soon as possible, since the bacteria that are there can simply begin to die, which leads to a lack of growth in the medium, and hence, they can not be detected.
Treatment of the dysbacteriosis
If you have a dysbacteriosis, then as a standard tactic of intestinal treatment is the appointment with the following drug groups:
- Probiotics are non-pathogenic living bacteria that are similar to those that should inhabit a healthy intestine.
- Prebiotics are compounds, predominantly carbohydrate, serving as the most "tasty" products for bacteria, which contributes to their abundant reproduction.
- Symbiotics are a complex of the first and second types of drugs.
- Enterosorbents help to remove pathogenic bacteria and their toxins.
- Antibiotics - if abundantly propagated, pathogenic agents can be used in case of disease, if other variants of the fight do not bring the desired result.
Unfortunately, not always in every case the treatment of the intestine can have a lasting and lasting effectiveness. The problem with dysbacteriosis can return at any time. In addition, the therapy of dysbiosis can not only have no effect, but also increase the unpleasant symptoms in the digestive tract in adults, and all, thanks to the increasing attention of patients to the drugs.
Obviously, the best solution is the restoration of its own microflora, rather than the introduction of non-pathogenic foreign bacteria into the intestine. In order to cure dysbacteriosis in adults, experts suggest the technique of enterosorption. Sorbents can help extract, fixing on themselves, pathogenic bacteria, and remove from the intestine viruses, allergens, endotoxins, and also help in strengthening the protective properties of the epithelial layer of the intestine. The value of enterosorption is very high: if you purify the intestine in this way, it can itself come to a complete recovery, or with minimal support for probiotics.
Besides the use of medicines for the disease of dysbiosis in adults, such procedures can be prescribed, such as:
- The strictest observance of the diet.
- Normalization of the digestive tube. In normal condition, the large intestine will contract 1 time in 60 seconds, and the duration of the peristaltic wave will be 40 -50 seconds. If there is dysbacteriosis, then the contractions will decrease or decrease, and diarrhea or diarrhea will occur.
- "Functional" power supply. Good reception of antispasmodics and medicines with osmotic influence possesses good efficiency.
- Counseling with a psychotherapist. Dysbacteriosis is observed in 10-20% of the population, which is clear evidence of its relationship with the psychoemotional sphere, that is, with personality characteristics. Thus, in 75% of cases when a dysbacteriosis appears depressive state.
Prevention of adult dysbiosis will consist in clarifying that it is unacceptable to uncontrolledly use any antibacterial drugs uncontrolledly and also to use bacterial agents during or after treatment with antibacterial drugs that general restorative therapeutic measures and a full-fledged diet should be used for a weakened organism.