Very often, serious diseases such as myocardial infarction are accompanied by a violation of mental and physical activity. And it seems to many that this process is irreversible.
But do not forget that everything depends in most cases on the rehabilitation. After all, the human brain has an amazing reserve and is even able to restore its functions. The body needs to be reminded of its properties and abilities. This is what physiotherapists and rehabilitation specialists are doing.
Features of rehabilitation after myocardial infarction
Rehabilitation after such a heart disease as myocardial infarction is an important set of measures that are necessary to prevent extreme situations. Its direction is to organize proper nutrition, activity and rest regime, sanatorium and resort treatment and conduct medical prophylaxis after discharge from the cardiological department of the hospital. It is very important to involve the patient in this, as the medical recommendations will prove ineffective in case the person will not be responsibly and purposefully directed to rehabilitation measures.
The following types of rehabilitation are available:
- Physical methods of rehabilitation for myocardial infarction - application of ultraviolet and infrared rays, light and heat, electric current. This includes electrotherapy, ultrasound, laser therapy, magnetotherapy, barotherapy, hydrotherapy, balneotherapy.
- Mechanical methods - the use of various mechanical devices for the restoration of patient systems and functions. This includes robototherapy, aimed at stimulation and revival of motor functions.
- Massage, which affects the body's special points.
- Kinesiotherapy - motion treatment. This is a special set of exercises, which stretches the muscles and stimulates the work of internal organs. Especially effective in the violation of motor function. Supposes fixing the muscles with special tapes - teips. Reduces the load on the muscles.
- Traditional methods: phytotherapy, acupuncture, manual therapy.
- Occupational therapy or ergotherapy, which gives an opportunity to participate in everyday life. Helps to restore former abilities and self-confidence.
- Psychotherapy, which affects not only the human psyche, but also its entire body. The goal of psychotherapy is to save a person from the depression associated with the disease.
- Sanatorium treatment - restoration of health in comfortable conditions.
Now it's time to talk about the stages of medical rehabilitation of patients who underwent myocardial infarction.
The following video contains very detailed information on the issue of medical rehabilitation after a heart attack:
Stages
Hospital
In the acute period of an attack of myocardial infarction, the goal of the hospital stage is to save a person's life. During this period, therapeutic activities are carried out with a focus on limiting necrosis, stabilizing hemodynamics and eliminating heart failure, restoring the heart rhythm.
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First the patient is in the intensive care unit, where from 7-10 days he is discharged to the cardiology department. In cardiology, he is under the supervision of doctors for another 7-10 days.
About features and time of rehabilitation after myocardial infarction in a sanatorium read below.
Sanatorium
At the request of the patient, it can be sent after the hospital to a sanatorium. Usually this period is up to 3 weeks.
The purpose of the sanatorium stage is the stimulation of compensatory-adaptive mechanisms. Treatment-rehabilitation after myocardial infarction is most often performed in local cardiological sanatoriums.
Policlinic
Includes the continuation of the recovery phase started in the previous paragraphs and the completion of the preparation for professional work. Treatment-and-prophylactic measures are carried out.
The following video will tell you about the technique of exercises.which will help prevent myocardial infarction in your home:
Spa treatment
Features
The essence of sanatorium treatment is a relatively long and good rest, as well as medical control, multi-combination treatment and complex influence on the patient significant health factors.
On how and where to get a ticket to the rehabilitation sanatorium after extensive and other types of myocardial infarction and stenosis for free, read on.
Free vouchers
You can get a free ticket to the sanatorium in the hospital. Its easiest to get when the patient is in the hospital. You can also apply to a preventive care center at your place of residence to the attending physician or the head physician.
- In the absence of any indication, the patient will be issued a certificate for obtaining a voucher for the form 070 / y-04( approved by the order of the Ministry of Health of Social Development of Russia on 22.11.2004 №256).
- After this, the patient writes an application for a sanatorium ticket to the territorial Social Insurance Fund.
- Then the patient is issued a card in the form 072 / y-04, which should be issued not earlier than two months before the validity of the voucher.
Next we will tell you about the life and rehabilitation of a patient after myocardial infarction at home.
Home Rehabilitation
Home rehabilitation includes the following measures:
- nutrition;
- physical activity every day;
- sleep is not less than 8 hours;
- refusal from smoking and alcohol;
- obligatory reception of the medicines appointed by the doctor-cardiologist.
Diet after the disease is necessary for low-calorie, but at the same time high-grade - to restore the heart muscle. It is required to minimize the consumption of salt and fatty foods. Liquid intake is limited to one liter per day.
You should definitely walk in the street, walk a lot. It is recommended to increase the load gradually. First it is recommended to pass 500-1000 m per day, then increase the distance to 4 km.
In the next video Elena Malysheva will talk about the features of the diet after myocardial infarction: