Nutrition and diet after myocardial infarction for men and women: menus and recipes

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Myocardial infarction is a serious disease that requires a complete revision of the lifestyle. And the basis of a way of life is food.

With proper nutrition, the patient after myocardial infarction will not only be able to recover quickly, but will also restore well-being and work all organs, including the heart. So, let's talk about the diet for acute and other forms of myocardial infarction.

Nutritional advice after myocardial infarction

Therapeutic diet with relapsed myocardial infarction in the first and subsequent days is based on the exclusion of heavy food, which requires a lot of GIT resources and causes flatulence, as well as in reducing the risk factors leading to the disease. That is, the diet should help not only strengthen the body, but also improve the blood supply of the body, reduce excess body weight, reduce the burden on the heart and restore the normal performance of the heart muscle.

The following video contains tips from Elena Malysheva on nutrition after myocardial infarction:

General recommendations

The diet for men will be slightly different depending on the sex of the patient. There are general recommendations that everyone should adhere to. Recommendations advise:

• Minimize the consumption of fat, but do not abandon them altogether.
• Special attention is paid to products with high fiber content.
• Reduce the content of salt and fatty acids.
• When cooking, use only vegetable oils and in limited quantities.

It is important to remember that the diet involves a complete cessation of smoking.

Prohibited products

Despite some differences in the menu of women and men, the list of prohibited products remains one at all. After the MI is banned there:

1. any kind of sausage products;
2. fat;
3. fatty meat and offal, such as heart and brain;
4. cod liver;
5. fish eggs;
6. of fatty broths;
7. canned food and marinades;
8. hard salted cheeses;
9. egg yolk;
10. cucumbers;
11. beans;
12. grapes;
13. butter;
14. sauces and mayonnaise;
15. chocolate;
16. buns and sweets;

And it is also necessary to minimize the consumption of cocoa, coffee, alcohol and carbonated drinks.

Authorized products

It may seem that the diet after myocardial infarction is full of hardships. But this is not so. Just look at the list of allowed products to understand this:

1. cereals;
2. pasta from hard varieties;
3. dairy products;
4. white meat;
5. lean fish;
6. egg white;
7. vegetables;
8. unsweetened fruits and berries;
9. greens;
10. dried fruits;
11. honey;

From liquids it is necessary to give preference to compote, juice, green and white tea.

About the diet, the table after stenting and myocardial infarction for women will be described below.

On useful products for the heart will tell the following video:

By gender

Women

Female nutrition after myocardial infarction is primarily aimed at reducing sugar in the body. During the diet, it is recommended to eat Jerusalem artichoke, which contains insulin, capable of reducing the content of not only sugar, but also cholesterol. Such food will be useful after myocardial infarction, as:

1. rabbit meat;
2. onion;
3. horseradish;
4. garlic;

There is a useful recipe from traditional medicine. To make it, you need to mix a glass of yogurt and cayenne.spoon of cinnamon. Drink 1 p.per day and at any convenient time for 2 weeks. The fact is that cinnamon contains fiber, magnesium and polyphenols, which mimic the action of insulin, so quickly reduce the level of sugar.

After the myocardial infarction, women are useful to eat avocado. It contains a lot of useful compounds: protein, potassium, iron, phosphorus, copper, folic acid and others, so it quickly restores heart condition and lowers sugar. Spinach has a similar effect. It is better to dress salads with linseed oil, since it has a pronounced hypoglycemic property.

Start the day better with oat flakes, for example, Hercules, with the addition of a small amount of sunflower seeds or pears. Such a breakfast will help not only to start the body systems, but also to reduce sugar.

Men

Men's diet is aimed at lowering cholesterol to a greater extent. Like women, men should start their day with porridge, preferably, Hercules. This will help saturate the body before the second meal, will start the digestive system.

Instead of vegetable oil, it is advisable to use olive oil. It contains a lot of phytosterols, which regulates the ratio of useful and harmful cholesterol in the blood. Very useful products with the content of Omega-3, for example, salmon and sardines, since this substance is a natural antioxidant, which affects the functioning of the heart muscle in a favorable way. However, it is worth remembering that it is forbidden to fry fish, you can only stew, bake and boil.

Polyphenols in large quantities are found in cowberry, chokeberry, cranberries and blueberries. It is advisable to eat at least a small handful of any of these berries a day: this will help restore the heart. Grapefruit, apples and red grapes also have a similar effect.

Men must eat meat without fail. Preferably rabbit, beef, turkey or chicken. In the listed contains a lot of protein and minerals, so they have a beneficial effect on the entire body.

Schemes and stages of

The feeding scheme after myocardial infarction is divided into 2 stages:

1. in the first days after the initial treatment of the infarction;
2. for the rest of the time;

It is distinguished by the limitations imposed on the patient.

About nutrition in the first days after the operation of myocardial infarction, we will tell below.

In the early days of

In the first week or three of treatment of myocardial infarction, nutrition should be fractional. Patient is recommended to eat small portions, 6-8 times a day, with the last meal should be taken no later than 3 hours before bedtime.

The diet should adhere to the recommendations described above. Usually, the patient is treated in a hospital, so you can just stick to hospital food. If the treatment is at home, then you need to make a diet in such a way that a day to consume about 1100 calories( depending on the weight of the patient, the figure may vary).In this salt should be limited to 5 grams, and the liquid - up to 1.2 liters.

Next

After discharge from the hospital or after a week or two, you can relax a little and expand the diet. However, the content of salt and fat should be minimal. If the patient suffered extensive myocardial infarction, the food after it includes recipes with complex carbohydrates, the ratio to the protein of which should be equal to 60/30%.

Caloric content of the diet can be increased to 2-2.5 thousand kcal, while reducing food intake to 4. Before going to bed it is worth drinking a glass of fermented milk product, for example kefir, which will help to satisfy hunger. In this period it is important to eat foods rich in iodine, iron, copper, calcium and cobalt. The liquid should be limited to 1.5 liters per day.

The following dietary recipes are suitable for feeding men and women after myocardial infarction, with such dishes quite good for taste.

Recipes

Breakfast

The most important meal is breakfast. Breakfast should consist of complex carbohydrates to recharge the body and prevent the person from starving until the next meal. The ideal breakfast is the Hercules, in which you can add pieces of fruit or a few nuts. You can also replace the oat with another boiled cereal, for example, buckwheat.

Ladies, who are satisfied with small portions, you can prefer a pecan of whole grain bread, 150 grams of chicken breast and lettuce leaf. For breakfast, you can drink tea, if desired, add a little milk.

Second breakfast

For the second breakfast, light meals with a high protein content are preferred. This, for example, is an omelet, which must be cooked for a couple. For its preparation it is necessary to take:

1. egg whites - 3 pieces;
2. milk - 30 grams;
3. salt - 1 gram;

For preparation, it is necessary to separate the proteins from the yolks, add milk and salt to them and whip with a whisk or a mixer. Prepared mixture must be poured into molds or in a small bowl and cooked in a water bath or steam.

Lunch

Traditional dinner for Russian cuisine - soup. After a heart attack, it is worth keeping to this tradition, because the soup helps to satisfy hunger, without loading the digestive tract. As a basis, it is worth taking vegetarian or fish soups, for example, such.

Ingredients:

1. green peas frozen.- 400 grams;
2. medium carrots;
3. 1-1.5 liters of water;
4. salt;
5. mixture of herbs for spices: mint, bay leaf, mixture of peppers and lemon peel at will;
6. bread crumbs and whole sour cream;

The recipe itself is simple. Peas and carrots cut into cubes must be boiled, for 5-10 minutes until ready, adding spices and salt. Then remove from the plate the basis for the soup and turn into a puree with a blender. Before serving add crumbs and sour cream.

Afternoon snack

During a snack, you can relax and pamper yourself with something tasty. This is important, because otherwise the risk is simply to break. Good for this dish with fruit or sour-milk products, for example, cottage cheese with honey and apples. To make it, you need to take 2 pieces of sweet apples, 100 grams of low-fat cottage cheese and a tablespoon of honey.

During a snack, you can relax and pamper yourself with something tasty. This is important, because otherwise the risk is simply to break. Good for this dish with fruit or sour-milk products, for example, cottage cheese with honey and apples. To make it, you need to take 2 pieces of sweet apples, 100 grams of low-fat cottage cheese and a tablespoon of honey.

Dinner

Dinner should be satisfying. It is best to cook separately garnish and something to it. Garnish is suitable for any cereal, potatoes, can be baked. You can serve boiled meat or fish. Delicious and simple recipe - fish souffle, which consists of:

1. 90 grams of your favorite fish;
2. 27.5 grams of milk or water;
3. 2 grams of wheat flour;
4. half of the egg;
5. 1 gram of salt;

For preparation, it is necessary to boil the fish fillets, grind it with a blender or a meat grinder. Add half the yolk, milk and salt to the fish mixture. Mix. Separately, you need to beat the proteins to a strong foam. Beat the whipped proteins neatly into the fish. Ready mix can be decomposed into forms and cooked either in steaming or in the oven at a temperature of 180-200 gr. You can serve by decorating with herbs.

Snacks

Many forget about such important meals as snacks. And they are important, because a person should not go hungry. As snacks, you can use tea with a handful of nuts, favorite dried fruits, a slice of whole wheat bread, berries. You can substitute yogurt or 150 grams of low-fat cottage cheese.

Before going to bed it is advisable to drink a glass of kefir, which helps to normalize the work of the intestines.

Even more useful information on the diet after a heart attack is contained in the video below: