Spasm of cerebral vessels - symptoms, causes, treatment methods and consequences

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Spasm is a sudden multiple narrowing of the lumen of the blood vessels of the brain, accompanied by a sharp deterioration in the state of health. The vascular crisis leads to oxygen deficiency in the brain cells, causes serious disturbances in the central nervous system and sometimes is a harbinger of other, more dangerous diseases.

Causes of cerebral vasospasm

The immediate cause of spasm is a decrease in the tone of the vessels of the brain. This phenomenon occurs due to:

  • vertebral osteochondrosis in the cervical region( articular cartilage dystrophy in the vertebrae contributes to the narrowing of the holes through which the blood vessels pass, thus, the flow of blood into the brain is significantly hampered);
  • artery aneurysms( pathological thinning and protrusion of the walls of the blood vessel);
  • kidney pathologies, heart disease and thyroid;
  • of vegetative-vascular dystonia;
  • defects of muscle layers of blood vessels;
  • of increased or reduced pressure;
  • neoplasm of the brain( cyst, swelling);
  • stressful situation;
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To indirect causes of spasmodic phenomena in the vessels of the brain include common factors of influence, such as:

  • Overstrain .Too intensive work without interruption to sleep and rest contributes to impairment of cerebral circulation and can lead to spasm. Especially it concerns the people working, sitting at the computer in one pose, in stuffy, badly aired premises.
  • Lack of sleep .Continuous work of the brain and, as a consequence, blood vessels, can also lead to spasmodic phenomena.
  • Oxygen deficiency .Fresh air is the best means of preventing headaches and spasms of blood vessels. Walking and regular airing of the room before bed, during the day and in the mornings are necessary.
  • Permanent stress of .A person living in conditions of constant stress, creates a fertile soil for a variety of diseases, including, and pathologies of cerebral circulation.
Various situations of a domestic nature can also become a cause of vasospasm - for example, prolonged exposure to cold without a headdress, a single intake of excessive doses of alcohol, short-term stress, quarrels, trouble at work.

Even a positive experience can provoke a vascular spasm. Therefore, people, especially those at risk, should refrain from strong emotions, for excesses are harmful in everything.

Risk groups

Vascular spasms most often affect people from the following at-risk groups:

  • patients with diabetes mellitus or other serious ailment associated with metabolism;
  • people whose immediate relatives suffered a heart attack or stroke;
  • people with a tendency to thrombosis;
  • patients with hypertension, angina pectoris;
  • people who have had meningitis, encephalitis or other cerebral infectious diseases;
    alcoholics;
  • smokers with many years of experience;
  • people who use excessive amounts of drugs;
  • having excess weight;

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Symptoms and Symptoms

Symptomatic sudden vasospasm in the initial stage is similar to a short-term loss of consciousness due to overwork, but syncope is rarely a direct consequence of spasmodic phenomena. Typical signs of vascular spasm can be called:

  • dizziness, the appearance of "flies" and "stars" in the eyes;
  • a headache of varying severity - can be felt in the temples, in the nape, in the forehead;
  • noise, ringing and whistling in the ears;
  • speech disorders;
  • nausea and vomiting;
  • loss of spatial coordination;
  • the appearance of painful sensations in one half of the body;
  • memory dips;

The occurrence of spasms can be affected by weather changes( in meteodependent people), emotional arousal, emotional shock.

Spasm of blood vessels mainly affects the elderly, but in recent decades, the trend has been observed for similar phenomena in young people.

The reason for this is the general deterioration of the environmental conditions and quality of the consumed air, especially in large cities. Toxic substances contained in the urban atmosphere, getting into the blood vessels negatively affect their tone, contribute to their narrowing and eventually provoke a spasm.

Diagnosis of the disease

The emergence of spasmodic phenomena, especially repeated, requires the use of a specialist in neurological diseases.

To determine the causes of the disease, the patient may be assigned special apparatus studies of the state of cerebral vessels.

For this purpose, the following is used:

  • magnetic resonance imaging;
  • ultrasound of the cervical spine;
  • angiography( MRI with intravenous injection of a special contrast solution) - this procedure allows you to know about the presence of an aneurysm, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, malformation of blood vessels( pathological connection between arteries and veins);
  • dopplerography( ultrasound method based on the Doppler effect);

Methods of treatment

Medicated

To remove the spasm of cerebral vessels are used:

  • Vasodilators - mefakor, atomax, lipofor, atromidine, euphyllin.
  • Drugs for improving the blood supply to the brain - nootropil, piracetam, calcium antagonists( isoptin, cordafen, phinoptin, diltiazem and others);
  • Spasmolytics - cinnarizine, spasmalgon, bendazole, papaverine - these drugs are the most effective in treating spasm of cerebral vessels.
  • Preparations for improving metabolic processes in the brain - piracetam, sermion.
  • Drugs to reduce the viscosity of blood - trental.

The choice of a physician for a cure for cerebral vasospasm depends on the patient's particular condition and the prevailing symptoms. In light cases, the treatment of cerebral spasm with tablets may not be required, it will be enough to have a rest.

Non-medicamentous

To successfully eliminate vasospasm, must first of all cure diseases, which were its cause - osteochondrosis, kidney, heart, metabolism. Further therapy is aimed at overall rehabilitation of the patient.

Positive therapeutic effect is provided by physiotherapy - physical exercise( running, walking, swimming, cycling), acupuncture, massage, relaxation exercises, qigong gymnastics, spa therapy.

Of great importance is the correction of power. From the diet of patients with spasmodic phenomena of the brain should be deleted:

  • fatty meat;
  • smoked products;
  • spicy and salty foods;
  • fatty dairy products;
  • chocolate;
  • coffee, strong tea;

Preference should be given to natural vegetable and raw foods, rich in vitamins and trace elements.

Traditional medicine

There are various ways to treat spasms of cerebral vessels with traditional medicine. Among them:

  • Consumption of vegetable decoction from valerian, motherwort, anise, dog rose, rennet and yarrow.

    This drink should be consumed immediately after a spasm and drink throughout the next day as a tea.

  • Cold compress on forehead from herbal infusion( plantain, dandelion root, St. John's wort);
  • Broths of nettle;
  • Broths of dog rose;
  • Foot bath with cold water, at the same time as a cold compress on the head from a towel soaked in water and vinegar. People with a predisposition to spasmodic reactions should constantly keep their homes in the ice refrigerator.

In the home environment, zonal self-massage of the head and acupuncture zones( they are located in the area of ​​the wrist joint and in the region of the knee joint) is also used against vasospasms. An additional effect can have aromatherapy - lubricating the lips under the nose with lavender, jasmine or valerian oil.

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The instruction for the drug from alcoholism "Colme" in the form of drops can be found in this section.

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Complications and consequences of

In the initial stages of the development of the disease, vasospasms result in:

  • decreased performance;
  • rapid fatigue;
  • impaired vision and hearing;

Further consequences are more serious.

The most severe and undesirable complication is a stroke - a "brainstorm".

The disease can lead to death or disability. Severe consequences include also failures in memory and deterioration of speech abilities. Some spasms can be so serious that the person who survived them may have difficulty finding relatives and even self-identification.

Prevention of

To prevent this disease, vessels should be strengthened.

In addition to taking special medications, you need to eat it right - products that do not contribute to reducing the natural elasticity of blood vessels and the appearance of plaques and blood clots in them.

It is preferable to eat raw food than the one that has undergone heat treatment, especially with a frying pan.

Measures to prevent vascular pathologies also include:

  • physical education;
  • daily use of a sufficient amount of liquid;
  • contrasting showers and hardening( especially positive is the washing of cold feet with water);
  • support of the nervous system in a stable state( autogenous training, relaxation by the method of yogis and other eastern systems of internal self-improvement);

People from risk groups should give up bad habits and exclude alcohol, cigarettes and caffeinated drinks from their lives. Improve the state of the body, and consequently, blood vessels, an active lifestyle, optimism and goodwill.

A video that highlights folk methods of treatment aimed at clearing and preventing such unpleasant symptoms as cerebral vasospasm:

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