The formation of protective reactions of the body, that is, immunity, is impossible without the active participation in this process of normal intestinal microflora. At a dysbacteriosis in a microflora of an intestine there is a shift of a quantitative parity of microorganisms in favor of pathogenic at which the normal work of this organ is broken and, accordingly, there is a weakening of immunity. In turn, its weakening leads to an increase in the number of pathogenic microorganisms in the intestinal microflora, which is characteristic of dysbiosis. It turns out that immunity and dysbacteriosis are inextricably linked with each other.
The scheme of mutual influence of immunity and biological balance in the intestine is easiest to see on the example of an infant. At the time of birth, the baby's microflora is absolutely pure, and immunity is just beginning to form with the help of so-called special agents of the immune system. Dysbacteriosis disrupts the functioning of lymphoid cells, which synthesize immunoglobulins and lysozyme, which protect the body from infections. In this case, various allergens, poisonous substances that were previously blocked by the intestinal microflora, when it is violated, enter the bloodstream and infect the body.
Islets of lymphatic tissue that perform a protective function are primarily susceptible to destructive changes in dysbiosis. Violations of the digestion and absorption processes lead to a restriction of the assimilation of nutrients, vitamins, microelements and ultimately to the immunodeficiency of the human body. A certain vicious circle is created when immunodeficiency makes intestinal microflora accessible for the penetration of pathogenic bacteria and toxins. Therefore, curing dysbacteriosis without affecting immunity is very difficult, almost impossible, especially in infancy.
The creation of intestinal microflora goes through the following stages:
- Microorganisms entering the intestine from the maternal body.
- Through the milk of the mother, useful lacto- and bifidobacteria multiply.
- Formation of good immunity.
In the future process of interaction of intestinal microbes with the protective forces of the child, microbes inhabiting the microflora, allow to keep to the very old age good immunity of the human body. The useful role of microbes also lies in the fact that they, eating up substances, leave on a starvation diet pathogenic microorganisms.