Infectious enteritis in addition to its direct form, is also divided into several species, each of which has its own characteristics.
Infectious enteritis is the occurrence of inflammatory processes in the cavity of the small intestine, which is caused by the ingress of bacteria or viruses into it. This type of disease always carries a sharp current.
Infectious enteritis mainly begins to develop several days after the infection has occurred. Symptoms occur simultaneously, but their degree of severity is different. The main ones are:
- Intoxication.
- Dehydration.
- Nausea and vomiting.
- Frequent stools with a watery condition.
- Flatulence and rumbling in the abdomen.
- Moderate degree of pain in the upper abdomen.
- Increases body temperature to 38 degrees.
A patient with infectious enteritis must comply with bed rest and a sparing diet. The basis of treatment is rehydration. Accurate calculations of fluid intake will be conducted taking into account the age category and the weight of the patient. For these purposes, apply Regidron or Citroglucosalan. Also prescribed drugs with antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic effects. For complete recovery, probiotics and enzyme medicines are used.
Bacterial enteritis
Bacterial enteritis occurs due to ingress of various pathogens into the body. The reasons for the development of this type of disease should first of all be found in consumed foods or beverages that could contain a pathogenic infection. Mostly the symptoms of bacterial enteritis begin to appear after a day or three after the infection. This type of disease in humans can be accompanied by symptoms such as:
- Diarrhea with blood impurities.
- Increase in body temperature.
- Intestinal gases.
- Severe spasmolytic syndrome.
- Lack of appetite.
- Nausea and vomiting.
- Paleness of the skin.
- The presence of blood impurities in the urine.
Treatment of such an infectious disease involves the use of a large amount of fluid when diarrhea and vomiting occur.
Antibiotics are prescribed with extreme caution, since there is a risk of hemolytic uremia. Medicines with antidiarrheal properties can be bought at the pharmacy without a prescription, but in case of a bacterial type of disease, you should first agree on their reception with a specialist. A large number of people recover quickly without using medications for several days.
Viral enteritis in humans
Viral enteritis in humans is termed infectious inflammatory processes in the cavity of the small intestine mucous membrane with the primary lesion of the stomach and large intestine. Symptoms of the disease first resemble simple food poisoning. It all begins with the appearance of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sensations of pressure, abdominal distension and flatulence. In some cases, pain may occur. After a while, such symptoms of an infectious disease are joined by weakness, general condition of malaise, cold sweat, fever and body temperature, sometimes above 39 degrees.
Antibiotics are used in the treatment of the disease, as they suppress well and eliminate the effects of the virus. To eliminate the symptoms of an infectious disease, various medications are prescribed: antidiarrheal, spasmolytic and others. Along with this, the administration of vitamin therapy and the prevention of the emergence of dysbiosis is prescribed. Often used and means to normalize the intestinal microflora and get rid of iron deficiency anemia.
It is worth remembering that compliance with the food and liquid diet is the basis of treatment.
Adenoviral enteritis
Adenoviral enteritis is characterized by a lesion of the small intestine cavity with adenoviruses that are related to serotypes 40 and 41. This type of disease predominantly has a longer characteristic and may last for about two weeks. Adenoviral enteritis will be accompanied by an increase in body temperature, which persists for several days. In a moderate form, there is a feeling of nausea and vomiting, which can also persist for 1-3 days. Painful sensations have a weakly expressed characteristic, and sometimes only their appearance can serve as a symptom of the appearance of the adenovirus type of the disease.
Treatment of patients with infectious enteritis will be built on the basis of pathogenetic therapeutic manipulations. Non-medicament means of treating an infectious disease include adherence to a diet, for the beginning, everything is strictly limited, and then gradually expanding. When taking into account the occurrence of fermentopathy in humans, enzyme remedies are prescribed. It is also possible to use drugs that have adsorbent and astringent properties, for example, Smekty.
With a large loss of fluid, rehydration therapy is carried out, which has a sufficient development for today with a universal characteristic.