The study allows you to study the structure of the biomaterial, the cellular composition, the ratio of tissues and the characteristics of the vessels. During the procedure, doctors adhere to three principles:
- maximum benefit,
- painlessness,
- safety.
The study is carried out for a long time, so the technique is worked-up to the smallest detail.
Trepanobiopsy of the bone marrow
The method is one of the most informative, since the extracted fragment retains its structure.
For manipulation a special needle with a diameter of 2 mm is used. It has a flap, a mandrane, a handle. At the end there is a small spiral. Due to this contour, the needle cuts bone tissue well.
The self-examination takes several minutes. After it, you can immediately engage in daily activities, so research can be done on an outpatient basis.
Trepanobiopsy of the breast
Most often the procedure is prescribed in the period before the surgical intervention. It allows to detect the presence of cancer cells with a confidence of up to 96%.
The peculiarity of trepanobiopsy is that it can have a curative effect if there is a cyst in the place of education. Then through the cannula, the contents are extracted, and the cyst walls are cauterized.
The time of the study is about 20 minutes, with the results ready not earlier than a week.
A local anesthetic is under examination. In the chest area, above the formation, a small incision is made. Through it, a spring needle is inserted, which is placed in a special apparatus.
The needle is advancing inside the tissues prior to formation. Then it is captured. After the procedure, the seams are not superimposed, as there are no scars left. For control, all manipulations are carried out under the supervision of the USS.
Indications
An analysis is performed when a normal biopsy does not give the desired result. Then trepanobiopsy is crucial in differential diagnosis.
It is used for:
- leukemia,
- aplastic anemia,
- revealing metastasis,
- detecting focal lesions,
- Gaucher disease,
- lymphogranulomatosis.
Indication for the study of the breast is the need to determine the type of complex cyst, the presence of spots on the radiograph, the need to evaluate proliferation. This method also helps to determine the dynamics of proliferation of nodes in mastopathy.
Contraindications
Do not proceed if there are allergic reactions to anesthetics.
Not performed if:
- tumor is not visible on ultrasound,
- has a pronounced hemorrhagic syndrome,
- is an acute infectious disease.
Preparation and study time
Before the manipulation, an X-ray examination or ultrasound is performed, analyzes for the platelet level, APTT are performed. Before trepanobiopsy you need to refrain from eating for a few hours.
If necessary, you can drink small amounts of water.30 minutes before the test, sedatives are given.
The procedure takes 5 to 20 minutes. The histological analysis is carried out in the laboratory, so the results have to wait up to two weeks.
The biomaterial received during the examination is placed in a container with a fixing solution. It does not allow you to change the properties of cells for a long time.
Possible abnormalities in the analysis of
If there is oppression or malfunctioning of the bone marrow, a reduced number of myelokaryocytes can be detected.
The results are influenced by radiation, taking antibiotics and preparations of gold.
If the number of myelokaryocytes is increased, this indicates anemia that occurs with a lack of B12 or with a large loss of blood.
Complications of
As with any surgical procedure, the study can lead to complications. The most frequent are:
- infectious infection,
- bleeding.
Most often, they occur in patients with an infected place of taking biomaterial, abnormalities in the work of the heart, a high degree of osteoporosis.
Sometimes after the procedure, chills and fever, increased pain, a fluid in the puncture site. Be sure to immediately consult a doctor if there is vomiting, shortness of breath, pain in the chest.
Patient Reviews
In most patients, the rehabilitation period was short. If a breast examination was performed, the doctors recommend not lifting the weights for several days.
People note that due to local anesthesia there are no painful sensations, they are rather unpleasant.
When examining the bone marrow, discomfort can pass into the groin and lower extremities. Depending on the clinic, after the manipulation, a bandage is applied or asked to sit with ice at the puncture site.
Patients with an increased pain threshold say that it is best to do with Ultrakain. He more intensively protects from pain.
Cost of services
The price of trepanobiopsy depends on which organ is being examined. In some clinics, a histological study is already included in the total cost, in others it only includes the collection of material.
In Moscow, prices start at 1,650 rubles. In some, the total amount reaches 15,000.
The video shows bone marrow biopsy: