Symptoms and treatment of angina in adults and children: purulent, catarrhal, herpes

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Of all pathologies of the oropharynx, angina is the most common ailment. The true( typical) angina is the bacterial damage of the glands caused by the focal cluster on these organs of streptococcal cells.

Angina

Immunity cells, dying in the fight against bacteria, provoke the development of purulent processes of different etiology and severity. Bacterial forms are one of the most dangerous and insidious manifestations of angina.

Candidiasis( fungal) lesions and sore throats caused by viruses are called quinsy. The causes and symptoms of these pathologies at the initial stages of the lesion may resemble a bacterial infection, but the therapy in these cases is shown quite differently.

Symptoms of viral and bacterial angina

Reasons for

The root cause of the reproduction of opportunistic pathogens in the oral cavity is the inability of immunity to control the number of harmful organisms. It occurs in the following cases:

• The critical amount of pathogens from the infected person gets into the body.
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• Seasonal immunity weakening associated with avitaminosis and sudden changes in air temperature.
• Pathologies of the immune system.
• Low social standard of living.
• Non-observance of sanitary norms.
• Adverse environmental conditions.
• The presence in the mouth of extensive caries, parodontosis. Injuries of the oropharynx.
• Local and general hypothermia.
• Immunity of immunity in childhood.
• Exacerbation of chronic ailments.

The causes and symptoms of angina are told by the doctor:

Symptoms of

It is quite difficult to distinguish one form of angina from another on the first manifestations. Even experienced specialists without laboratory tests can only prescribe a diagnosis. However, it is necessary to know the characteristic signs for the disease, when it appears, people should be given first aid and seek medical help.

Bacterial

• The temperature in the case of bacterial infection is dramatically increased( within 1-2 hours) to critical levels. Attempts to knock it down, as a rule, do not bring results.
• The patient complains of increasing difficulties with swallowing saliva.
• In the area of ​​the throat, there is edema that makes breathing difficult. At this stage, asphyxia( asphyxiation) may occur. If the swelling rapidly progresses, the patient should be immediately hospitalized.
• The catarrhal form is often the initial stage. With her reddening of the throat without purulent formations on the glands. At this stage, bacterial damage is easily confused with a viral infection.
• Follicular angina is a more complex form. It is characterized by the appearance on the glands of separate purulent points, not connected with each other. Cervical lymph nodes become inflamed and increase, causing painful sensations when they palpate and turn the head.
• The lacunar form of streptococcal infection is considered even more dangerous, since it affects the deeper layers of the tonsils. Their lacunas are filled with pus, forming a mesh pattern on the surface of these organs.
• With all forms of bacterial sore throat, extremely severe intoxication of the organism is observed.
• Intestinal disorders often occur, vomiting is possible.
• There are cardiac failures.
• Joints are aching.
• Depending on the type of microbes, the inflammation of the glands can be either unilateral or bilateral.
• Cough and runny nose for this infection are not typical, although chronic pathology of ENT may exacerbate existing pathologies.

On the photo throat for bacterial angina

Viral

1. Unlike bacterial forms, the multiplication of viruses is less acute.
2. The fever is preceded by chills, it rises gradually and reduces it much easier than with bacterial sore throat. Depending on the variety of the virus, the indication of the mercury column varies from 37 ° to 39 °
3. . Sore throat may worsen by coughing.
4. With rhinoviruses there is a strong stuffy nasal sinuses.
5. The patient often suffers from thirst, appetite worsens.
6. Moderate intoxication is observed.
7. Voice hoarseness appears.
8. The throat turns red, there is a white coating on the tongue.
9. In herpetic sore throat, a small red rash appears on the mucous membranes of the oropharynx, which in a few hours turns into vesicles filled with liquid. Further on the place of the bursted bubbles, ulcers are formed, similar to the manifestations of herpes.
10. In monocytic angina, jaundiced skin color, rash, yellowish plaque on the tonsils are observed.

Throat in viral sore

Fungal

In case of fungal infection, the symptomatology is not expressed in nature, so the disease is often found in advanced stages, thanks only to a visual examination of the mouth.

If the symptoms of candidal sore throat are acute, this indicates a mixed infection.
Characteristic features:

• Similar to cottage cheese, white thick plaque on mucous membranes. It can be easily removed with a spatula, without damaging the mucous membranes.
• Pain sensations are poorly expressed, usually the patient feels only discomfort in the throat.
• Cough absent.
• The temperature does not rise.
• The taste of food is poorly felt.
• Headaches, drowsiness are possible.

Symptoms of fungal angina

Chronic

Chronic bacterial pathologies are characterized by the presence of hard purulent plugs on the glands. Their formation occurs at primary infection, and in case of an incompetence of an infection, there is a hardening of pus and its transformation into "stones".Such foci are able to intensify during exacerbations.

Characteristic features:

• For a long time, the throat hurts.
• A person suffers from chronic fatigue.
• Relapses are repeated 2 to 3 times a year.
• Ulcers on the tonsils are compacted.
• The temperature during exacerbations is increased.
• Spikes are possible between the glands and palatines.
• The looseness of the upper layers of the glands is observed.
• Increased drowsiness.
• Cervical lymph nodes are enlarged.
• On visual inspection, you can see scars on the glands.
• Pain in the heart.

With viral chronic infection:

• A persistent cough or runny nose is possible.
• May smell worsen.
• A person is prone to frequent colds.
• Skin covers have a pale appearance.
• Bowel disorders occur.

Diagnostics of any form of sore throat should be timely and based on laboratory tests.

Based on a visual examination( pharyngoscopy) and patient complaints, the doctor puts the initial diagnosis, which should be confirmed by a series of procedures:

• A smear from an infection site that determines the type of microbes and a general blood test are the two main stages of diagnosis. Usually, they are enough to determine the type of angina and to prescribe appropriate therapy.

In advanced stages and chronic forms, the doctor may prescribe additional tests:

• Antibioticogram( with its help a more effective medicine is chosen).
• X-ray of the joints( shown for chronic ailments).
• Cardiogram of the heart( with cardiac pain associated with a bacterial infection).
• ultrasound( always performed in case of pregnancy).
• In the presence of other chronic pathologies, the doctor may expand the list of diagnostic procedures at his discretion.

Throat with different forms of angina

Treatment of

1. Bacterial infections of the throat are treated in an infectious disease hospital. Self-medication in this case is strictly contraindicated.
2. When diagnosing a viral sore throat, it is sufficient to strictly comply with the prescriptions of physicians. Hospitalization in this case is shown only to pregnant women and toddlers.
3. Candidiasis does not require special treatment conditions.

General recommendations

• Full rest of the patient.
• Abundant drink.
• Absence in the diet of rough, heavy and too fatty food, diet.
• Maintaining personal hygiene.
• Discard all bad habits during therapy.
• Contact with others should be limited if possible.

Dr. Komarovsky tells in our video about the features of diagnosis and treatment of angina in children:

What can be done at home

At home without medical supervision, any form of angina can be dangerous to treat.

1. Before the arrival of the doctor, it is necessary to reduce the patient's fever-reducing temperature if it is more than 38 °. For these purposes, the paracetamol tablet and the grinding of the feet with a mixture of vinegar and sorokogradusnogo alcohol is best.
2. The patient should not be bothered. Doing compresses on the throat before receiving test results is also not recommended. With some infectious lesions, such thermal procedures can provoke even more swelling and lead to choking.
3. At the first pain in the throat, he should start rinsing. The more rinses are taken, the greater their effectiveness. Soda, saline solution, furacilin, a weak solution of manganese, beet or lemon juice, a calendula infusion, a chemist's chamomile are suitable for these purposes.
4. Hot inhalation from medicinal pharmacy fees are effective in viral angina. However, pregnant inhalants are contraindicated.
5. Bee products are good for immunity.

Drug therapy

Fast and minimal risk of complications, bacterial tonsillitis can be cured only with antibiotics:

• Penicillin injections are most often used in hospitals.
• Secondary and mixed forms are more effectively treated with cephalosporins.
• Preparations from the group of macrolides are advisable to apply with an inclination to allergies.

For the fastest withdrawal of acute symptoms of typical infections and in viral forms use:

• Medicines for removing heat.
• Anti-inflammatory( histamine) tablets.
• Sprays and aerosols with a softening anti-inflammatory effect reduce inflammation in the throat.
• Multivitamin complexes are also very necessary for treatment.

Candidiasis is prescribed antifungal drugs.

Prevention

With seasonal outbreaks of viral diseases, routine vaccinations are carried out. The risk of bacterial infections reduces the following preventive measures:

• Routine regular visits to the dentist and ENT doctor.
• Wear appropriate weather conditions.
• Hardening.
• Refusal from alcohol and smoking.
• Sports activities that strengthen the body.
• Healthy Eating.

Treatment and prevention of sore throat:

Forecast

To cure sore throat if you have modern medicines possibly for a couple of weeks or even earlier. The main conditions for a successful cure are:

• Timely and correct diagnosis.
• Competent choice of therapeutic course.
• Compliance with medical recommendations.
• During the rehabilitation period, you should re-take tests to make sure you get rid of the infection completely.

The probability of complications depends not only on the state of the immune system, but also on the stage of the disease, on the complexity of the infectious form. Chronic and mixed angina are treated much longer and the effectiveness of therapy with them is significantly reduced.