The main symptoms of a concussion of the head

1 Medical indications

Head injuries are classified into the following types:

• mild to moderate degree of craniocerebral trauma( craniocerebral trauma);
• injury;
• TBM severe( there are severe bruises, skull fractures, bruises).

The causes of the ailment are related to the anatomical features of the nervous system and human skull. In the dorsal spine, the brain is in a free state. Brain hemispheres in the skull are likewise not fixed. Sharp movements or bumps can cause the brain center to move and damage the tissues.

The brain substance and intracerebral fluid undergo mechanical influence, the integrity of the blood vessels is disturbed. Similar phenomena arise as a result of contusion or contusion of the brain. With the accumulation of blood formed hematomas, there are symptoms of concussion of the head.

For light shock, the following symptoms are characteristic:

• dizziness;
• blurred vision;
• headache;
• tinnitus;
• nausea;
• faint.

With moderate concussion:

• loss of consciousness;
• nausea;
• vomiting;
• rapid or slow heart rate;
• high blood pressure.

2 Features of the clinical picture

The appearance of intracranial hematomas is accompanied by severe headaches and amnesia( memory loss).In case of severe concussion, the symptomatology worsens:

1. Hallucinations appear.
2. Violated the work of internal organs, associated with dehydration of the body. In this case, the patient is urgently resuscitated.

The clinical picture of the disease is affected by the age of the patient:

1. Infants do not have a loss of consciousness. Immediately after the injury, the body acquires an unnatural pallor, the child is sluggish, sleeps a lot, the heart beats fast, after feeding a lot of regurgitation, it is possible vomiting. With a good combination of circumstances, the symptoms disappear after a few days.
2. In children 3-7 years with concussion, there is a loss of consciousness, excitability or drowsiness, nausea, fever, headaches. Rarely do physicians observe loss of vision for several minutes. Symptoms can last up to 3 days.
3. Older people with hypertension can experience a constant throbbing headache in the nape, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. Rarely is the orientation in time and space lost. There is a short-term memory loss. In elderly people, the symptoms of the disease can continue to manifest up to 7 days. Headaches after concussion are observed for 2-3 days.

3 Diagnostic methods

At the first manifestations of post-traumatic symptoms, you should immediately seek medical help. In severe condition, the patient is placed in a hospital. The patient should be examined by a therapist, traumatologist, neurologist and neurosurgeon.

Seldom a few hours after the injury the patient's condition improves. During this period, formation of a hematoma is observed.

1. Diagnosis of the disease begins with a review of the patient's complaints followed by examination of the neurologist.
2. Patient with CCT should undergo radiography. This technique allows us to identify a fracture of the bones of the skull. The state of the brain using X-rays can not be determined, but the procedure allows you to know the severity of the damage.
3. Ultrasound( ultrasound) evaluates the brain substance by visually revealing the hematomas. This safe method has no contraindications. Ultrasound echography is prescribed for elderly people whose skull bones are thick.
4. Computed tomography can diagnose bruises, bruises, damage to the bones of the head and foreign bodies. In urgent cases, two methods are used to establish the correct diagnosis: MRI and CT scan.
5. The method of recording the difference of electrical potentials( electroencephalography) determines the violation of neurons, which can lead to epiactivity.
6. Invasive examination - puncture of the brain - is performed with bleeding and suspicion of a tumor.

Treatment of brain injury is based on the degree of the disease.