Hypertrophy is the process of pathologically increasing the weight and volume of an organ. When any of the organic structures begin hypertrophic changes, its functionality is violated. One of the most common localizations of pathology is renal hypertrophy.
Hypertrophy of the kidney
Renal hypertrophy is called an increase in one of the kidneys, due to its functional disorders. Such changes in the parameters of the organ are a natural reaction that arises from the increased burden on the renal organ. Such a condition can not be confused with hyperplasia, since these are mutually opposite processes.
The difference between the kidneys usually indicates the development of severe lesions that are chronic, difficult to treat or incurable. But with adequate therapy, adherence to a regimen and a healthy diet, it is possible to significantly improve the condition of patients and minimize the consequences of pathologies that have caused kidney hypertrophy.
Classification of
Hypertrophic changes in renal structures are classified into several groups:
- The vicar is a substitute or compensatory hypertrophy of a single kidney. Occurs when one of the kidneys is removed or due to the congenital absence of the second organ.
- Symptomatic - such hypertrophic processes usually develop against the backdrop of inflammatory reactions leading to hypertension, or replacement of normal tissues with connective or fat.
In fact, the vicar type of hypertrophy is an adaptive process in which the body learns to live with only one renal organ. As a result, the remaining organ is hypertrophied so that blood filtration is carried out fully. Most often healthy kidney due to hypertrophy can cope with the task. Symptomatic hypertrophy involves the degeneration of the parenchyma, in which the organ is deprived of the possibility of urinating and filtering the blood flow.
Often meets vicar hypertrophy of the right or left kidney, in rare cases, there is hypertrophy of both organs, mostly symptomatic.
Reasons for
The etiology of hypertrophic lesions is diverse and depends on the prevalence of the pathological process.
One-sided hypertrophy occurs against the background:
- Removal of one kidney, then as compensation, the second organ is increased to cope with the double volume of work, so this hypertrophy is also called a substitute;
- Uneven development of organs;
- Dystopic( abnormal) renal location since birth;
- Inflammatory lesions of a chronic nature;
- Congenital agnesia of another kidney, when the second organ is absent from birth.
Bilateral hypertrophy, when both organs increase, usually causes such factors:
- Amyloidosis;
- Hyperfunctionality of anterior pituitary lobe;
- Nephrotic Syndrome;
- Acute pyelonephritis or glomerulonephritis.
If simultaneously with the increase in the organ there is also a deformation, then they speak about the development of active metastasis of a cancerous tumor or the presence of cystic formations, which changed the shape of the kidney. Also, this phenomenon is typical for Burkitt's lymphoma, which is typical for patients of adolescence and childhood.
Clinical picture of
The clinical picture of hypertrophic renal changes depends entirely on the factors that provoke them. If the cause was nephrectomy, then the pain manifestations of patients usually do not bother, because in this clinical situation, the increase occurred due to increased loads on the organ. Such hypertrophy arises after removal in about 40-50 days.
If the hypertrophy provoked a variety of pathological processes, the patient observes a number of symptoms indicative of the disease: general weakness and soreness in the lumbar region, painful urination, color changes in the urine, etc.
Diagnosis
For detection of renal hypertrophy, ultrasound diagnosis and traditional laboratory testsurine and blood. When diagnosing hypertrophic changes, special attention is paid to the specific weight of urine, the level of salts and protein in its composition, as well as the content of creatinine and urea in the blood. According to these data, specialists determine the concentration and filtration capacity of the kidneys.
Treatment of
Usually no specific conditions are required for specific treatment, since the hypertrophic kidney functions as a remote or dead organ. But the only functioning kidney needs special care, aimed at maintaining the functionality and health of the remaining organ and the patient as a whole.
- Moderate physical activity is necessary;
- Exclusion of unhealthy habits;
- Preventive herbal medicine;
- Healthy diet with maximum rejection of salted, marinated and smoked. It is better to eat boiled fish or lean meat, to enrich the diet with fruit and vegetable crops. Required refusal of alcohol, soda and mineral water;
- Prevention of catarrhal pathologies is necessary, so you need to monitor the state of immunity;
- It takes moderation in the consumption of water and other beverages;
- It is important to refuse from uncontrolled taking of tablets, self-medication is also unacceptable.
For example, it is necessary to stop the development of the inflammatory process in the kidney, or it is necessary to restore the functioning tissues. If the treatment does not provide the proper effect, or the cyst or metastasis in the kidney is actively developing, then the organ must be removed.
Hypertrophic changes in the kidney can act as a rescue for the patient if they develop as a replacement for a distant or missing organ, or in the form of a pathology. At the same time, the life expectancy of the patient will depend entirely on his lifestyle and the implementation of medical recommendations.