What is biliary hypertension and the symptoms of the disease?

1 Varieties of pathology

There are three types of biliary hypertension, each of which differs in its features and methods of treatment.

The first type is characterized by the prevalence of increased pressure in the portal channel area, which is characterized by:

• , a violation of the blood flow in the spleen vein, but the pressure of the portal vein remains stable;
• total hypertension.

The second type can be characterized by localization of the lesion site. Namely, the development of the disease is possible:

• post-hepatic;
• intrahepatic;
• prehepatic;
• mixed.

The third type of disease, or the third stage, proceeds in several stages:

• initial, in which functional disorders appear;
• is moderate, in which each violation is compensated;
• marked, which can cause edematous-ascitic syndrome;
• with complications, which develops liver failure and bleeding.

2 What are the symptoms of the ailment

Symptoms of biliary hypertension do not practically manifest themselves in the early stages of the onset of the disease, that is why patients, without any idea of ​​the state of health, do not take any measures. However, there may be concomitant signs of biliary hypertension, for example:

• weakness;
• diarrhea;
• flatulence;
• pain in the right hypochondrium.

The first and main symptom that can indicate the presence of such a disease is an increase in the spleen volume, which is affected by the pressure in the portal system. At a later stage of development of biliary hypertension, anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia are diagnosed.

Including the presence of jaundice arising at mechanical pressure on the gallbladder. When ascites is detected in patients with biliary hypertension, in most cases it is noted that it has resistance to treatment, and it may take a long time to get rid of it. As a rule, in patients with visual examination, there is often an enlarged abdomen size, swelling of the ankles on the legs, including anterior vein widening on the abdominal wall.

In the most severe manifestations of the disease, there may be a hemorrhage in the stomach, esophagus or rectum. If bleeding is carried out in the esophagus or stomach, then it is accompanied by vomiting with blood, and if in the intestine, then in the feces blood will necessarily be present.

3 For what reason does the disease develop and how to treat it

Quite often biliary hypertension occurs in malignant formations in the liver or gall bladder. It can be detected by means of diagnostics on ultrasound equipment, MRI examination and testing. Often, the tumor can be located in the pancreas, which helps squeeze the bile ducts.

Due to the study of this disease, there were also revealed such reasons for its occurrence, as stones, closing the gleams in the gallbladder. The closure of the lumens can be affected by the polyp. If the tumor is benign in the body, then it will be sufficient to perform surgical intervention with endoscopic equipment.

Treatment of the disease is performed either conservatively or surgically:

1. Conservative treatment can be used in functional disorders, for the treatment of which drugs such as Anaprilin and Atenolol, Nitrosorbide, Nitroglycerin, Sulodexide, Monopril, Ednit are used.
2. Surgical treatment is prescribed in the event that no result has been achieved from the use of drugs. The operation can lead to the detection of ascites, bleeding of the stomach, intestines and esophagus, the development of hypersplenic syndrome. Surgical intervention consists in the extraction of tumors or stones, bypassing. According to these operations, one can draw only one conclusion that biliary hypertension is a rather dangerous disease that can lead to serious consequences.

It is strictly forbidden to use drugs independently, and even more so to use chemicals to remove the tumor, remove the stones and reduce the volume of the stomach.

In addition to the above described actions, it is absolutely necessary: ​​

• to maintain the optimum level of components such as liquid and electrolytes, which can be achieved through medication and dropper;
• conduct a regular process of investigating the rheological properties of blood;
• used a medicament that improves the blood supply and nutrition of liver cells;
• carried out the process of antibiotic therapy;
• a decompression process of the bile duct is performed.

It is possible to identify hypertension by means of such measures:

• examination by a doctor, taking tests, drawing up a general picture with clarification of symptoms and complaints from the patient;
• fence a general blood test to reveal the level of hemoglobin and iron;
• sampling biochemical blood test;
• studies the esophagus region on X-ray equipment;
• examination of the rectum, for which a sigmoidoscopy is performed;
• portal pressure studies to determine at what stage of development is hypertension;
• study of a part of the body, such as splenoportal channel;
• ultrasound of the stomach;
• examination of the body for the detection of thrombosis;
• assessing the size of the mesenteric vein, whether there is an expansion of the vein, which can affect the diagnosis and the stage of development of hypertension;
• rheogepatografii, for the study of blood circulation inside the liver;
• helper methods, if the previous ones did not yield any results.

4 What complications can be and how to implement preventive measures

The danger of such a disease as hypertension is that it can affect the work of the whole organism, leading to serious processes. In particular, the following are the consequences that can arise in the absence of timely treatment and use of the necessary drugs to maintain an optimal health status. Namely:

• hypertension of a liquor type can affect the work of the brain and cardiovascular system, which often leads to strokes;
• hypertension of the vasorenal type affects the increase in pressure in the fundus, rhinopathy may develop;
• arterial type of the disease contributes to the deterioration of the heart, the occurrence of myocardial infarction, can cause a pathology such as heart failure and death;
• Renovascular type causes poor kidney function and formation of microalbuminuria.

Conclusions are far from the best, as, having shown negligent attitude to the body, you can face more serious consequences.

To reduce the risk of biliary hypertension, it is worth:

• to engage in sports;
• undergo a preventive examination by a doctor;
• follow the weight;
• to give up alcohol and nicotine.

Do not start your body to a critical condition, then surgical intervention may not help, as serious consequences are possible, up to a lethal outcome. It is necessary to visit a doctor on a regular basis, and if there are pronounced symptoms, then immediately go to the clinic for diagnosis.