Hyperplastic gastritis, although a fairly rare form of lesions of the gastric mucosa, but the probability of disease is available to them in any person. Especially in the case when one of the members of the family is ill with such forms of inflammatory pathology of the stomach that go against a background of reduced secretion.
In addition to the hereditary factor, the following are considered as the causes of this type of disease:
- Violations of neurohumoral regulation and metabolism;
- Chronic intoxication of the body that occurs with alcoholism, drug addiction, persistent exposure to lead and excessive smoking;
- Hypovitaminosis;
- Disturbances in nutrition.
In the pathogenesis of hyperplastic gastritis, food allergy is also given, since in the case when allergens affect the mucosa, its permeability is greatly increased. As a result, dysplasia develops in its epithelial cells. This, accordingly, leads to very large protein losses, which is the most characteristic sign for all forms of the disease.
Symptomatic of hyperplastic gastritis
With this form of inflammation of the gastric mucosa, all symptoms corresponding to gastric dyspepsia( lazy stomach syndrome) are observed. Although in the very initial phase the disease is almost never manifested, in the future it begins to occur more often according to the type of gastritis that has arisen against the background of increased acidity. With a hyperplastic form, anxiety to the patient will deliver the following symptoms:
- Pain in the epigastric region, arising or on an empty stomach, or a couple of hours after eating;
- After the patient has eaten, the pain disappears, but there is a heaviness in the abdomen;
- Frequent manifestations of flatulence, heartburn and eructation.
Further, the gradual withering of the mucous begins to progress, which is accompanied by constant disturbances of the stool( diarrhea alternates with constipation), the appearance of putrefactive odor from the mouth and severe pain in the epigastric region that occur immediately after eating.
Also with hyperplastic gastritis, especially its chronic form, there is anemia, accompanied by a general weakness of the body, complete lack of appetite and, as a result, exhaustion.
Types of hyperplastic gastritis
Depending on the extent to which hypertrophy( proliferation) of the mucosa covering the walls of the stomach is expressed, several subspecies of this form of the disease can be identified. All of them proceed only in chronic form. The diagnosis can be made only in accordance with the results of endoscopy.
With granular hyperplastic gastritis, the mucosal areas grow. They begin to look like sections of a cluster of grains measuring more than 3 mm, located either in the antrum or on the back wall of the stomach. Gastric folds become very rough at the same time. Suffer from the granular variety of this disease mainly men after 40 years. If you do not begin timely treatment, the disease goes into a neglected form, which is fraught with quite severe consequences, or ulcer, or oncology of the digestive organ.
With erosive hyperplastic gastritis, the exhausted mucosa of the digestive organ is covered with foci of erosion, which bleeds to a greater degree. In the case when this subspecies of the disease proceeds in chronic form, for a long time nothing exists about its existence, the symptoms are completely absent. The patient will be worried only when bloody inclusions appear in his feces or vomit, indicating that the erosion in the stomach has begun to bleed.
Chronic atrophic hyperplastic gastritis is characterized by the fact that the mucous membrane in the stomach decreases significantly, and accordingly the number of functioning cells in it becomes smaller. The causes of this type of disease are not fully understood, but there is a suggestion that the development of an atrophic form contributes to an untreated inflammatory disease of the stomach.
The diagnosis of "focal hyperplastic gastritis" indicates that the inflammatory process in the stomach is localized by foci. There are no obvious signs of this type of disease, therefore the symptoms are similar to any other form of this inflammatory pathology.
Superficial. Hyperplastic gastritis is the easiest, initial stage of the disease. Such a diagnosis suggests that the disease is of an initial character and is located only on the surface of the mucosa, and therefore the most easily curable.
Specialists noted that with the development of any form of chronic hyperplastic gastritis in childhood, complete restoration of the mucosa is possible. But if the disease occurs in adulthood, the result is always the atrophy of the gastric membrane.