Some helminthiases, caused by nematodes, have a permanent geographic linkage. So, for example, Mansonellosis - a helminthic invasion, the causative agent of which is Mansonella - is common only in the countries of Central and South America, as well as in the countries of the Caribbean. It is there that the slimy live - small insects belonging to the detachment of long-haired. They are an intermediate host, the final man. Infection can occur during a bite of the slimy.
Mansonella are viviparous filarias. Invasive larvae enter the bloodstream and can circulate along with it throughout the body without any periodicity. The pathogenesis of Mansonellosis has been well studied. Once in the body of an insect, the larvae of the mansonella become invasive after seven days. Until the sexual maturity they are able to mature only in the human body. Adult roundworms parasitize in the mesentery of the intestine, they may "settle" and under the parietal peritoneum. Each adult lives in the human body for about three years. Dead parasites are not naturally excreted. Around the dead worms are formed granulomas.
Mansonellosis is characterized by allergic manifestations. The patient appears on the skin rash erythematous nature, it is accompanied by severe itching. Other symptoms with this disease can be expressed as little as possible. In severe cases, mansonellosis causes severe headaches, febrile condition, joint pain, swelling and numbness in the legs. Individual patients had asthmatic syndrome, some men had swelling of the scrotum. Medicine knows cases when the causative agent of mansonella mansonellosis falls into the fluid of the spinal cord. Then a meningoencephalitic syndrome appears in the anamnesis. But in general, the forecasts for Mansonellosis are always positive, with proper and timely treatment it is possible to achieve a one hundred percent recovery. As possible dangerous complications appear the disease of hydrocele and elephantiasis.
Diagnosis of mansonellosis
An accurate diagnosis allows the analysis of blood. The presence of microfilariae allows us to confirm the suspicions. In addition, the doctor before the appointment of therapy must understand what damage the human body has already been able to cause mansonellosis. That is why he can additionally prescribe an ultrasound scan and a CT scan.
As helminthiasis varies in all, there may be a need for a doctor's consultation. For consultation, allergists, immunologists, infectionists or rheumatologists are often invited.
Treatment of mansonellosis
Mansonellosis is treated with medication. Patients prescribed the drug Diethylcarbamazine. It has a disastrous effect on all types of microfilariae. Tablets are taken orally, the daily dose is calculated by the formula of two milligrams per kilogram of live weight. The drug is taken three times a day for ten days. For complete recovery, it is necessary to conduct three courses with interruptions for ten days. Take the drug is important under the supervision of a doctor. It has a number of side effects, the intensity of their manifestation depends on the severity of Mansonellosis.
As a rule, taking Diethylcarbamazine helps not only kill Mansonella, but also eliminate skin rashes and itchy skin. To reduce the risks of side effects with Diethylcarbamazine, patients are advised to take corticosteroids. The treatment regimen can also include antihistamines and plasmapheresis.
As the killing of parasites provokes an increase in toxins, infusion therapy sessions are also considered appropriate. The introduction of physiological solutions into blood helps neutralize the pathological processes provoked by helminthiasis, and also reduce the consequences of the presence of nematodes. Treatment of the described helminthic disease is performed on an outpatient basis.
Mansonellosis is a disease that is easier to prevent than treat. That is why great attention is paid to the prevention of infection. It is based on protecting yourself from the bites of the slimy. It is useful to walk in clothes, which completely covers the open areas of the body. It is necessary to kill such insects if they fly into the house. You can use means, the smell of which scares away dangerous insects. An infected person should restrict communication with the world and take the necessary treatment. With proper treatment, predictions are always positive.