Bursitis of the joint is an inflammation in the synovial pouch( bursa).It produces a fluid - exudate, containing microbes: serous discharge, blood, pus. The synovial bursa is like a pocket, if it is healthy, it is filled with synovial fluid. It is designed to reduce the friction of body tissues and works as a lubricant.
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Important! Inflammation occurs as a result of trauma, stretching, or infection. Treatment of bursitis is not particularly difficult, while it is important that the disease was not started.
Symptoms of
Bursitis starts quickly. The soreness of the joint increases, up to the resi, the skin over the sore spot becomes hot. The classic symptoms of the disease include:
- appears stiffness in the movements;
- motor activity decreases;
- over the inflamed place has swelling and fever;
- muscles weaken;
- all over the body feels malaise and weakness.
If the cause of the disease is an infection, then signs of intoxication are felt: weakness, appetite decreases, fever rises, and fever. Symptoms of each person vary in different ways.
Important! At the first signs of a malaise, you should immediately consult a doctor.
Types of
Bursitis distinguish between acute and chronic. Depending on the type and form of the disease, it proceeds in different ways and the treatment is different.
Warning! Learn more about the types of bursitis and its treatment.
Acute form of
Symptoms of acute bursitis:
- Severe pain, which is aggravated by movement.
- Swelling is observed, diameter is up to 10 cm.
- Pain intensification at night, skin reddens, temperature is up to 40 degrees.
- The tumor can pass to soft tissues and it is very difficult to step on the foot.
Chronic form
Chronic bursitis is a consequence of the acute form. It is characterized by moderate pain and a long inflammatory process. At the same time calcium deposits are deposited, mobility is limited, there is swelling.
Near the knee joint, three bags: subcutaneous, subfascial, podsuhozhilnaya. The type of disease depends on which bag inflamed.
- Inflammatory bursitis - occurs in the popliteal sac, close to the large tendon. The result is injuries to tendons under the knee or in people with excess weight. It often happens during a jump, when the load on landing increases.
- Prepatellar - develops in a patella bag located close to the surface. Occurs from a blow to the kneecap.
- Suprapatellar - appears as a result of infection.
Depending on the composition of the fluid in the periarticular bag, distinguish:
- serous bursitis - filling with serous fluid;
- purulent - characterized by the presence of pus in one or more bags;
- hemorrhagic - filled with blood;
- goose or cyst Baker - located under the knee.
Symptoms of suprapatellar bursitis
Quite often there is a suprapatellar bursitis - this is when the disease occurs in a large synovial bag. The connecting nasal bursa is one of the large articular bags, designed to absorb friction and shock.
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Knee bursitis occurs as a result of heavy loads, as a rule in the risk zone are hockey goalkeepers. A characteristic symptom is the appearance of a tumor in the periarticular zone, of any size. The disease appears due to a blow to the tendon under the knee.
Causes of the disease
The cause of bursitis of the knee are knee injuries, bruises, sprains, bruises. Diseases are affected by athletes engaged in football, hockey, skiing. Less often the occurrence of the disease is associated with the presence of an infection that spreads through the bursa.
The disease can be a consequence of complications after arthritis or gout. If a person has an allergy, an autoimmune disease or an abnormal metabolism - this contributes to the occurrence of bursitis.
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The cause may be a permanent vibration, mechanical action on the joint or increased stress. People with high weight are exposed to the disease. It also occurs as a result of hormonal failure in the body.
Home Treatment
The first signs of bursitis require a pressure bandage and cold. Ice should not be applied for a long time, 15 minutes and take a break. To avoid the emergence of purulent bursitis, it is necessary to be treated in time, and to apply fixative bandages. It's okay to put a bad leg on the hill - it will relieve the pain.
With inflammation apply ointments, consisting of different medicinal components. They can be hormonal and non-steroidal:
- voltaren;
- Gel Dip Relief;
- Nase-gel;
- ointment orthophane 2%;
- liniment of methyl salicylate;
- warming up - final, gymnast.
At home, it is recommended to do a massage. Circular movements in the muscles, the posterior and anterior femoral part, gently massage the area from the groin to the shin. Thus, blood circulation improves.
Medication treatment
Important! For knee injuries not to engage in self-medication, there may be internal hematomas, bleeding.
Medication reduces pain, removes inflammation. Sometimes you need to make a puncture and remove the accumulated exudate. Pus is removed, and antibiotics and painkillers are injected there, such wounds heal for a long time.
Anti-inflammatory drugs are used: indomethacin, voltaren, diclofenac, ibuprofen, hydrocortisone. Their minus - side effects and contraindications.
Ointments, tablets, injections are issued:
- movalis;
- diclofenac;
- indomethacin;
- orthophane;
- is Voltaren;
- ibuprofen, etc.
The treatment uses corticosteroid hormones that relieve inflammation. Antirheumatic drugs based on gold salts, reduce the risk of disease in the future. With timely and active treatment of medications, pain occurs after three weeks.
Important! If she remained, the treatment was not performed correctly or there were complications of the disease.
Treatment with Dimexide
Dimexide is a drug with anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. Penetrating the skin improves metabolism, disinfects, helps to restore the movement of the joint. With the help of the preparation, compresses are made.
- Mix in equal doses of dimexide and water.
- Wet the tissue in the solution and apply to the joint for 20 minutes.
- Repeat once a day, 3 weeks.
A solution for compressing must be done immediately before use, otherwise it will lose all useful properties. The fabric for the compress should be very clean. The drug penetrates deeply into the tissues and if there are microbes on the cloth, it will pull them along to the back of the joint.
Important! Do not increase the compress time, you can get a burn.
If you are concerned about severe pain, you can add ketanol to the compress formulation. The drug has contraindications for people with angina pectoris, cataract.
Laser treatment
In the treatment of bursitis, the laser therapy method is considered effective. It helps to improve cellular metabolism, reduce swelling. Low-level laser light speeds up blood circulation. Light radiation penetrates to a greater depth, dilates blood vessels and improves metabolic processes.
There are special devices that are used in clinics and at home. They massage and simultaneously produce cold laser radiation. Cold called a laser, if the pulse, affecting the skin, does not cause heating.
Laser light acts at the cellular level and has no side effects. The application helps even when the disease is neglected and shortens the rehabilitation period.
Antibiotics
If there is a suspicion that an infection has arisen in the knee joint, antibiotics are prescribed. They are used both for washing the cavity of the bag, and injections are made. First determine the sensitivity of microflora to antibacterial drugs.
Antibiotics are often used:
- streptomycin;
- preparations of the penicillin group;
- tetracycline;
- ampicillin;
- cephvir, ceftriaxone;
- lincomycin, dalacin C;
- gentamicin, isepamycin;
- Dioxydin.
Take them at least one week and not more than 10 days. In complex cases, steroidal corticosteroids are used by insertion into the bursal cavity.
Treatment with folk remedies
Compress with sugar
In a frying pan lightly heat the sugar, pour into a bag of tissue and press it to the affected joint. Cover with a plastic bag and wrap it with something warm. Every time sugar is done again, the old one is thrown away.
Ointment from laundry soap
In 100 g of grated soap add 120 g of honey and one grated onion. From the received ointment to make a compress from 30 minutes to 1 hour.
Bath with coniferous infusion
In 2 liters of boiling water add one and a half kilograms of needles, insist for at least three hours. Then you can pour into the bath coniferous infusion and lie down in it.
Flax seeds
For two weeks, apply a bag of linseed seeds to the joint.
Cabbage and honey
Rinse the cabbage leaf, mash with a fork until the juice appears, apply honey and apply to the site of inflammation. Honey acts as an antiseptic and helps to penetrate deeper into the joint of cabbage juice. The compress can withstand up to 8 hours.
Iodine
Antiseptic is used to treat wounds with inflammation of the joint bag if there is no allergy to iodine.
There is another way.
- All components are taken equally: 5% iodine, honey, ammonia, medical bile.
- Stir and put on for ten days. Before using, it is advisable to warm up. Use
- until an improvement occurs.
Clay
Blend the blue clay with warm water to form a thick mass. She had to cover the painful joint, wrap it with film and something warm. To sustain 2 hours. Inflammation will decrease noticeably.
Burdock
A burdock to grind, impregnate it with juice and put it in the form of a compress on the joint.
You can put burdock leaves for an hour in hot water, then on a diseased knee, pre-oiled. On top of the package and something warm. Leave it overnight.
Propolis
It is necessary: in 10 g of propolis pour 100 ml of vodka, let it brew for five days. Apply to the disappearance of pain.
For reception on an empty stomach we will make a preparation from 100 g of butter, 15 g of propolis. Drink 3 times a day in between meals.
Paraffin
Treatment with paraffin is effective as a method of thermal treatment. He warms up deeply, improving blood circulation. As a result of heat, inflammation decreases. If there is a knee injury or trauma, the first days of heat is contraindicated.
Before applying paraffin, wash the affected joint, wipe it dry. Wax the paraffin to a temperature of 50 degrees and cover it with a sore spot, layer by layer, and try not to get burned. The thickness of the layer is 1.5-2 cm. Then make a compress for the whole night.
Salt
Prepare a concentrated solution: 1 tbsp.l.salt for ½ liter of boiling water. Wet the cloth and attach to the joint, then the film and something warm. Hold 8 hours. Repeat until there is swelling.
Prevention
To prevent the occurrence of illness, do not allow injuries, in time process the wounds so that the infection does not get caught. For those who engage in sports, you need to wear knee pads. Protect joints from hypothermia. Correct and balanced eating.
If the first symptoms of the disease and self-treatment did not help, consult a doctor. Any disease is successfully treated if you follow the doctor's recommendations. Health to all!