Uterine fibroids: dimensions for operation in millimeters

click fraud protection

Myoma of the uterus is a benign neoplasm in the uterus or cervix, which occurs quite often in women of different ages. Such tumors are not particularly dangerous for life and health, but sometimes they grow to large sizes, there is a chance of their degeneration into a malignant tumor. Myoma prefers to operate in most cases, it is worth to learn more about the size of uterine fibroids in millimeters for surgery, what kinds of surgical interventions are.

Myoma is one of the most common gynecologicalpathologies along with various types of cysts. Neoplasm is benign, usually it is dense, consists of fibrous tissues, the symptomatology of this disease is usually quite weakly expressed. Often, the disease is identified only during a preventive examination with a gynecologist.

It used to be thought that this disease is found only in older women, but recently doctors often diagnose pathology in young women. Most likely, this is due to the fact that the diagnostic capabilities of specialists improve over time, now the disease is detected much earlier, it is possible to track the slightest changes and differences from the normal state in the organs of the reproductive system.

Myoma is constantly increasing in size, this process can proceed quite slowly, however in any case it does not stop. In medical practice, cases were recorded when the tumor reached 18-20 centimeters in diameter and occupied a lot of place in the peritoneum. The usual form of this tumor is the ball.

At the very beginning of the development of pathology from neoplasm it is usually possible to get rid of with medication, they are required if the tumor of small size only begins to develop. Larger fibroids have to be removed surgically, different methods are used depending on the size and location of the tumor.

It is also quite common to have multiple myomas, tissues that form a tumor, are distributed unevenly and form several separate neoplasms. Before beginning treatment and operations it is important to find out the exact number of tumors, their location. If you leave any fibroid, it will continue to grow, from the disease it will not be possible to get rid of it to the end.

Also at an early stage, removal and any intervention may not always be required. The approach to treatment of this tumor is usually individual, it is impossible to deduce any general treatment plan that would suit every patient with this disease. Depending on the indications, it may only be necessary to observe the nature of the development of the tumor without intervention until certain stages.

In general, myoma is not a dangerous diagnosis. However, without supervision and necessary surgical intervention, correct treatment, it develops uncontrollably, it is possible to miss the moment when complications begin to develop.

Important! To detect fibroids at an early stage, all women of reproductive age are advised to visit the gynecologist 1-2 times a year to notice changes in time.

What is the danger of a large uterine myoma?

In general, myoma is considered a fairly "safe" tumor, it rarely leads to the onset of cancer, provokes other disorders in the organs of the reproductive system. However, it should be noted that the dynamics of changes in this disease is still worth following, to apply the appropriate treatment, if necessary.

First of all myoma, especially large size, causes a lot of unpleasant symptoms: pain in the lower abdomen, a complicated process of menstruation, bleeding can be more profuse. There is always a possibility of squeezing into the tumor, which can lead to necrosis and a vast inflammatory process. The larger the neoplasm, the higher the likelihood of such an outcome.

The uterine myoma is especially dangerous during pregnancy. During the gestation of a child, the tumor can begin to grow faster under the influence of changes in the hormonal background of women, large tumors increase the likelihood of miscarriage, other complications during pregnancy. Therefore, before bearing a child, it is always advised to undergo a survey with a gynecologist and make sure that there are no pathologies that could affect the health of the future mother and child.

Important! Also, the very fact of the onset of a tumor can talk about various disorders in the body's work, for example, about problems with the hormonal background in a woman.

Can fibroids dissect

Do not confuse this lesion with a functional cyst that can easily disappear on its own. Myoma does not dissolve on its own, however small tumors can undergo medical treatment, usually medication is suitable for uterine myoma small in size not more than eight millimeters in diameter.

For treatment without surgery, various drugs are used, depending on the disorders that accompany the development of the tumor, hormonal drugs, hemostatic drugs may be required. You may also need to take various vitamins and switch to a healthy diet.

At what size do uterine fibroids do the operation

First and foremost, it is worth noting that there are many types of surgical intervention, its choice depends on the size of the fibroid, usually specialists determine it in weeks, comparing the size of the uterus during pregnancy. In general, all neoplasms can be divided into several groups, the size classification is as follows:

1. Small. Size - up to 2 centimeters( 20 millimeters), usually speak of four weeks.
2. Average. The size is from 2 to 6 centimeters( up to 60 millimeters), the term is 10 to 11 weeks.
3. Great. The size is from 6 centimeters( from 60 millimeters), the term is from 11 weeks and above.

Dangerous sizes are considered large, in which the tumor can be six centimeters or more, especially from 15 weeks. At this stage, in most cases, removal is indicated, especially if the likelihood of complications is high.

Kinds of operations

Depending on the size of fibroids in weeks or millimeters, it is best to choose the kind of intervention. There are several types of operations, it is also worth paying attention to other characteristics of myoma: whether there are multiple sites, its location, the presence of complications. Depending on all factors and size, the following types of interventions are usually used:

1. Laparoscopy is the most gentle method used for small tumors, permissible sizes are up to 10 millimeters. With this operation, only a few punctures are done, the recovery period does not take much time, in one operation, several nodes can be removed with multiple myomas. The permissible age for this operation is 4 to 5 weeks.
2. Myomectomy. In the process of such an operation, the myoma itself is removed, adjacent tissues usually do not touch. It is usually performed if the tumor is 2 centimeters( 20 millimeters) in size, most often the operation is performed at 11-12 weeks. During the intervention, you can delete several nodes.
3. Laparotomy. This method is used extremely rarely, usually in the presence of several large nodes in the uterine region, while they grow extremely fast. In this case, an incision is made in the abdominal wall.
4. The most radical method of removing fibroids is hysterectomy, complete removal of the uterus along with the tumor. This technique is shown in the late stages of the disease, with large tumors, if there are concomitant pathologies, for example, endometriosis. Do not immediately resort to this method, first you should consider other types of interventions. Most of this method is suitable for treating women with menopause, removing the uterus when there are several nodes for more than fifteen weeks.

There are practically no contraindications to different types of surgical intervention, modern methods allow to make the operation process as safe and without complications. After the removal of fibroids need some time to observe the gynecologist, since there is a possibility of new nodes.

Dimensions for surgery for pregnancy

It happens that the fibroid must be removed during pregnancy. This is done in extreme cases, the removal of such a tumor depends not on the size, but on the danger to the fetus. If the tumor severely interferes with normal bearing, the probability of miscarriage in a future mother increases, the fibroid should be immediately removed.

In general, during pregnancy, the tumor begins to grow faster due to the influence of hormones, pregnancy in this case should proceed under the constant supervision of the attending physician. The presence of fibroids during delivery is an indication for caesarean section, natural childbirth in this case can lead to unpleasant consequences.