Cholecystitis along with pancreatitis is one of the most common diseases of the abdominal cavity. Cholecystitis is an inflammation of the gallbladder, while pancreatitis is a disease of the pancreas. These two ailments often occur simultaneously.
Now about 15% of adults suffer from cholecystitis, the symptoms of which are bothering them in their daily lives. This is due to the inactive way of life, the nature of nutrition: the excessive use of an animal rich in fats, the growth of endocrine disorders. Therefore, how to treat cholecystitis worries many people.
The most common cholecystitis in women, they face symptoms of this disease 4 times more often than men. In most cases, this is the result of taking contraceptives or pregnancy.
And so, what is cholecystitis is an inflammation of the gallbladder, an organ intended for the deposition of bile, which along with other digestive enzymes( gastric juice, enzymes of the small intestine and pancreas) is actively involved in the process of processing and digesting food.
With this disease, surgeons( with acute form) and therapists( with chronic) often face. In most cases, cholecystitis develops in the presence of gallstones, and almost 95% of cases are diagnosed simultaneously with cholelithiasis. Depending on the form of the disease( acute, chronic cholecystitis), the symptoms of the disease and the methods of treatment will vary.
Reasons for cholecystitis
What is it? Most often, cholecystitis develops with the penetration and development of microbes( E. coli, streptococci, staphylococcus, enterococci) in the gallbladder and this justifies the use of antibiotics in the development of acute or exacerbation of the chronic form.
To , non-infectious causes of occur in cholecystitis:
- dyskinesia of bile ducts;
- nature of nutrition( consumption in large quantities of sweet, fatty, smoked, fried foods, fast food).
- stones in the gallbladder and ducts;
- diabetes, obesity;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- hormonal disorders in the body;
- pregnancy;
- reflux esophagitis;
- heredity and congenital pathologies of the gallbladder.
Very often the development of cholecystitis occurs and as a result of impaired outflow of bile. It can occur in a person who suffers from cholelithiasis. The provoking factor of stagnation of bile in the gallbladder in women is pregnancy, as the enlarged uterus squeezes the gallbladder.
The mechanism of disease manifestation is always a disorder in the patient's diet with cholecystitis. In such cases, symptoms of the disease are detected in approximately 99 percent of patients.
Symptoms of cholecystitis
Acute cholecystitis, the symptoms of which often develop in the presence of gallstones and are a complication of cholelithiasis.
Symptoms of acute cholecystitis develop rapidly, they are often called "hepatic colic," because the pain syndrome is located precisely in the liver.
The main signs of the acute stage of the disease are:
- Unceasing pain in the right upper quadrant, which can give to the right side of the chest, neck, in the right arm. Often before the onset of pain, there is an attack of biliary colic;
- Nausea and vomiting, after which there is no relief;
- Sensation of bitterness in the mouth;
- Increased body temperature;
- In case of complications, jaundice of the skin and sclera.
Often the pain is accompanied by nausea and vomiting of bile. Usually there is an increase in temperature( up to 38 C and even up to 40 C), chills. The general condition worsens considerably.
The provoking factor giving points for the development of acute attack of cholecystitis is a powerful stress, overeating with acute, fatty foods, alcohol abuse. If you did not understand in time how to treat cholecystitis, then it will be chronic and will bother you for a long time.
Symptoms of Chronic Cholecystitis
Chronic cholecystitis occurs mainly for a long time, sometimes it can last for many years. The aggravation and occurrence of its symptoms are facilitated by provoking factors - malnutrition, alcohol, stress, etc.
There are chronic non-calculous( non-calculous) and chronic calculous cholecystitis. The clinical difference between them is due to practically only the fact that with calculous cholecystitis the mechanical factor( migration of stones) is periodically attached, which gives a more vivid picture of the disease.
Symptoms of a disease in a chronic form during an exacerbation are no different from the symptoms of cholecystitis in an acute form, except that an attack of biliary colic occurs more than once, and from time to time with gross errors in nutrition.
Signs that the adult periodically experiences in the chronic form of this ailment:
- pains of a dull character in the right hypochondrium;
- vomiting, nausea;
- bloating;
- feeling of bitterness in the mouth;
- diarrhea after eating( occur due to impaired digestion of fatty foods).
In women, the signs of cholecystitis, which occurs in chronic form, increase with sudden fluctuations in the hormonal background of the body, a few days before the onset of menstruation, against the background of pregnancy.
Treatment of cholecystitis
Patients with acute cholecystitis, regardless of condition, must be hospitalized in the surgical department of the hospital.
Treatment regimen for cholecystitis includes:
- bed rest;
- hunger;
- detoxification therapy( intravenous injection of detoxifying blood substitutes and saline solutions);
- pain relievers, antibiotics, antispasmodics, drugs suppressing the secretion of the stomach.
Patient needs bed rest. To relieve pain, antispasmodics and analgesics are prescribed. With a pronounced pain syndrome, Novocain blockades are performed or Novocaine electrophoresis is administered. Disintoxication is carried out by intravenous injection of solutions of 5% glucose, solution, gemodeza with a total amount of 2-3 liters per day.
Antibiotics with a broad spectrum of action are prescribed. All without exception, patients with acute cholecystitis showed a strict diet - in the first 2 days you can drink only tea, then it is allowed to go to a diet table 5A.At the stage of exacerbation, the treatment of cholecystitis is primarily aimed at relieving severe pain, reducing inflammation, and eliminating manifestations of general intoxication.
In severe cases, surgical treatment is indicated. Indication for removal of the organ( cholecystectomy) is an extensive inflammatory process, and the threat of complications. The operation can be performed by an open or laparoscopic method to select a patient.
How to treat cholecystitis with folk remedies
When treating the chronic form of cholecystitis at home, medicinal plants can be used, but only as an adjunct to the main treatment. And so, here are some folk remedies, they should be used only after consulting a doctor.
- Take 2 teaspoons of chopped sage medicinal leaf, brew with 2 cups of boiling water. Infuse for 30 minutes, drain. Take 1 tablespoon every 2 hours for inflammation of the gallbladder, liver.
- Flowers immortelle-30 grams, yarrow-20 grams, wormwood-20 grams, fennel or fennel-20 grams, mint-20 grams. Mix everything and crush it thoroughly. Two tea spoons of the collection to fill with water( cold) and insist for 8-12 hours. Reception: Take 1/3 cup three times daily before meals.
- Take 4 parts of dandelion root medicinal, 4 parts of rhizome of erect erect stand, 2 parts of tansy flowers, 2 parts of peppermint leaves, 2 parts of flax grass and 1 part of celandine grass.1 tbsp. Collect a glass of boiling water, insist 30 minutes, drain. Take 1 / 4-1 / 3 tbsp.3 times a day for 20 minutes before meals.
- Air. A teaspoon of the crushed rhizomes of aira pour a glass of boiling water, insist 20 minutes and strain. Drink 1/2 cup 4 times a day.
- Radish juice: grate the black radish or grind it in a blender, squeeze the pulp well. The resulting juice is mixed with liquid honey in equal parts, drink 50 ml of the solution daily.
- Take equal root of chicory root, celandine grass, walnut leaf.1 tablespoon of the collection pour 1 glass of water, heat 30 minutes, cool and strain. Take 1 glass 3 times a day for cholecystitis and cholangitis.
One of the fees should be taken during the entire period of exacerbation, and then one month, with interruptions of up to one and a half months, at this time one plant should be taken which has either choleretic or antispasmodic properties.
Diet for chronic cholecystitis
How else to treat cholecystitis? First of all, these are strict rules of nutrition. With this disease is strictly forbidden to eat a large amount of saturated fat, so there can be no question and hamburgers, French fries, fried meat and other fried foods, as well as smoked products.
Some increase in meals( up to 4-6 times) is necessary, as this will improve the outflow of bile. It is desirable to enrich the food with oat bread, cottage cheese, egg protein, oatmeal, cod, yeast drinks.
Prohibited products of :
- legumes;
- fatty meat, fish;
- chicken eggs;
- pickled vegetables, pickles;
- sausages;
- spices;
- coffee;
- baking;
- alcoholic beverages.
In nutrition with cholecystitis, preference should be given to products that lower cholesterol. You can eat:
- meat and poultry( lean), eggs( 2 pcs per week),
- sweet fruit and berries;
- from stale products is recommended stale products;
- vegetables: tomatoes, carrots, beets, zucchini, potatoes, cucumbers, cabbage, eggplant;
- in the finished dish you can add vegetable oil,
- butter( 15-20 grams per day), sour cream and cream in small quantities;
- sugar( 50-70 grams per day, along with added to the dishes).
It is necessary to observe a diet even within 3 years after the case of an exacerbation of the disease or within one and a half years with dyskinesia of the bile ducts.